Norepinephrine and adenosine-5'-triphosphate synergize in inducing IL-6 production by human dermal microvascular endothelial cells.
Cytokine
; 64(2): 605-12, 2013 Nov.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24026137
ABSTRACT
Endothelial cells (ECs) play important roles in cutaneous inflammation, in part, by release of inflammatory chemokines/cytokines. Because dermal blood vessels are innervated by sympathetic nerves, the sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE) and the co-transmitter adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) may regulate expression of EC inflammatory factors. We focused on IL-6 regulation because it has many inflammatory and immune functions, including participation in Th17 cell differentiation. Strikingly, NE and ATP synergistically induced release of IL-6 by a human dermal microvascular endothelial cell line (HMEC-1). Adrenergic antagonist and agonist studies indicated that the effect of NE on induced IL-6 release is primarily mediated by ß2-adrenergic receptors (ARs). By real-time PCR IL-6 mRNA was also synergistically induced in HMEC-1 cells. This synergistic effect of NE and ATP was reproduced in primary human dermal endothelial cells (pHDMECs) and is also primarily mediated by ß2-ARs. Under conditions of stress, activation of the symphathetic nervous system may lead to release of ATP and NE by sympathetic nerves surrounding dermal blood vessels with induction of IL-6 production by ECs. IL-6 may then participate in immune and inflammatory processes including generation of Th17 cells. Production of IL-6 in this manner might explain stress-induced exacerbation of psoriasis, and perhaps, other skin disorders involving Th17-type immunity.
Palabras clave
AR; ATP; Adenosine-5'-triphosphate; DM; EC; Endothelial cells; ICAM-1; IL-6; NE; Norepinephrine; Prop; SNS; Sal; adenosine-5'-triphosphate; adrenergic receptor; depleted medium; endothelial cell; intercellular adhesion molecule 1; norepinephrine; pHDMEC; primary human dermal endothelial cells; propranolol; salbutamol; sympathetic nervous system
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Norepinefrina
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Adenosina Trifosfato
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Interleucina-6
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Dermis
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Células Endoteliales
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Microvasos
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Cytokine
Asunto de la revista:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
Año:
2013
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos