Relationship of race/ethnicity with door-to-balloon time and mortality in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: findings from Get With the Guidelines-Coronary Artery Disease.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Prior studies have described racial/ethnic disparities in door-to-balloon (DTB) time for patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We sought to compare DTB time between different racial/ethnic groups undergoing primary PCI for ST-elevation myocardial infarction in Get With the Guidelines (GWTG). HYPOTHESIS: There may be differences in D2B time associated with race/ethnicity. METHODS: We identified 7445 white (n = 6365), African American (n = 568), and Hispanic (n = 512) patients undergoing primary PCI. RESULTS: There were no differences in the median DTB time between white (74 minutes; intraquartile range [IQR], 54-99), African American (77 minutes; IQR, 57-100), and Hispanic (75 minutes; IQR, 56-100) (P = 0.13) patients. There were no crude differences in DTB time ≤90 minutes; however, after adjusting for confounders, African American race was associated with lower odds of DTB time ≤90 minutes (odds ratio [OR] 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70-0.99; P = 0.04). This association was seen in African American males (OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.55-0.80) but not African American females (OR 1.27; 95% CI 0.96-1.68). Overall, Hispanic ethnicity was not associated with a difference in DTB time ≤90 minutes (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.77-1.25; P = 0.88); although Hispanic males did have a slightly longer median DTB time compared with whites. During the study, the proportion of patients with DTB times ≤90 minutes increased for all groups, and mortality was similar between groups (white 3.8%, African American 3.0%, Hispanic 4.1%, P = 0.62). CONCLUSIONS: In GWTG-Coronary Artery Disease, small differences in DTB times persist among different races/ethnicities. However, the proportion achieving DTB times ≤90 minutes has increased substantially for all patients over time, and there was no association between race/ethnicity and in-hospital mortality.