Incidence of malaria-related fever and morbidity due to Plasmodium falciparum among HIV1-infected pregnant women: a prospective cohort study in South Benin.
Malar J
; 13: 255, 2014 Jul 04.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24996807
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Malaria and HIV are two major causes of morbidity and mortality among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. Foetal and neonatal outcomes of this co-infection have been extensively studied. However, little is known about maternal morbidity due to clinical malaria in pregnancy, especially malaria-related fever, in the era of generalized access to antiretroviral therapy and anti-malarial preventive strategies.METHODS:
A cohort study was conducted in order to estimate the incidence rate and to determine the factors associated with malaria-related fever, as well as the maternal morbidity attributable to malaria in a high-transmission setting of South Benin among HIV-infected pregnant women. Four-hundred and thirty-two women who participated in a randomized trial testing strategies to prevent malaria in pregnancy were included and followed until delivery, with at least three scheduled visits during pregnancy. Confirmed malaria-related fever was defined as axillary temperature >37.5°C and a concomitant, positive, thick blood smear or rapid diagnostic test for Plasmodium falciparum. Suspected malaria-related fever was defined as an axillary temperature >37.5°C and the concomitant administration of an anti-malarial treatment in the absence of parasitological investigation.RESULTS:
Incidence rate for confirmed malaria-related fever was of 127.9 per 1,000 person-year (PY) (95% confidence interval (CI) 77.4-211.2). In multivariate analysis, CD4 lymphocytes (Relative Risk (RR) for a 50 cells/mm3 variation = 0.82; CI 0.71-0.96), antiretroviral treatment started before inclusion (RR = 0.34; CI 0.12-0.98) and history of symptomatic malaria in early pregnancy (RR = 7.10; CI 2.35-22.49) were associated with the incidence of confirmed or suspected malaria-related fever. More than a half of participants with parasitaemia were symptomatic, with fever being the most common symptom. The crude fraction of febrile episodes attributable to malaria was estimated at 91%.CONCLUSIONS:
This work highlights that malaria is responsible for a substantial morbidity in HIV-infected pregnant women, with cellular immunodepression as a major determinant, and establishes the possible advantage offered by the early initiation of antiretroviral treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION PACOME Study has been registered under the number NCT00970879.
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo
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Infecciones por VIH
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Malaria Falciparum
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
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Etiology_studies
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Incidence_studies
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Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Pregnancy
País/Región como asunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Malar J
Asunto de la revista:
MEDICINA TROPICAL
Año:
2014
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Francia