Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: an increasingly recognized condition.
J Bras Pneumol
; 40(3): 304-12, 2014.
Article
en En, Pt
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25029654
ABSTRACT
Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) has been increasingly recognized in the literature. Patients with CPFE are usually heavy smokers or former smokers with concomitant lower lobe fibrosis and upper lobe emphysema on chest HRCT scans. They commonly present with severe breathlessness and low DLCO, despite spirometry showing relatively preserved lung volumes. Moderate to severe pulmonary arterial hypertension is common in such patients, who are also at an increased risk of developing lung cancer. Unfortunately, there is currently no effective treatment for CPFE. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, and prognostic factors of CPFE. Given that most of the published data on CPFE are based on retrospective analysis, more studies are needed in order to address the role of emphysema and its subtypes; the progression of fibrosis/emphysema and its correlation with inflammation; treatment options; and prognosis.
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Enfisema Pulmonar
/
Fibrosis Pulmonar
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
/
Pt
Revista:
J Bras Pneumol
Año:
2014
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Brasil