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Facilitation of breathing by leptin effects in the central nervous system.
Bassi, M; Furuya, W I; Zoccal, D B; Menani, J V; Colombari, D S A; Mulkey, D K; Colombari, E.
Afiliación
  • Bassi M; Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
  • Furuya WI; Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
  • Zoccal DB; Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
  • Menani JV; Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
  • Colombari DS; Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
  • Mulkey DK; Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
  • Colombari E; Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
J Physiol ; 594(6): 1617-25, 2016 Mar 15.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26095748
With the global epidemic of obesity, breathing disorders associated with excess body weight have markedly increased. Respiratory dysfunctions caused by obesity were originally attributed to mechanical factors; however, recent studies have suggested a pathophysiological component that involves the central nervous system (CNS) and hormones such as leptin produced by adipocytes as well as other cells. Leptin is suggested to stimulate breathing and leptin deficiency causes an impairment of the chemoreflex, which can be reverted by leptin therapy. This facilitation of the chemoreflex may depend on the action of leptin in the hindbrain areas involved in the respiratory control such as the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), a site that receives chemosensory afferents, and the ventral surface of the medulla that includes the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN), a central chemosensitive area, and the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). Although the mechanisms and pathways activated by leptin to facilitate breathing are still not completely clear, evidence suggests that the facilitatory effects of leptin on breathing require the brain melanocortin system, including the POMC-MC4R pathway, a mechanism also activated by leptin to modulate blood pressure. The results of all the studies that have investigated the effect of leptin on breathing suggest that disruption of leptin signalling as caused by obesity-induced reduction of central leptin function (leptin resistance) is a relevant mechanism that may contribute to respiratory dysfunctions associated with obesity.
Asunto(s)

Texto completo: 1 Bases de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Respiración / Sistema Nervioso Central / Leptina / Obesidad Límite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: J Physiol Año: 2016 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Brasil

Texto completo: 1 Bases de datos: MEDLINE Asunto principal: Respiración / Sistema Nervioso Central / Leptina / Obesidad Límite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: J Physiol Año: 2016 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Brasil