Choline-based imaging of prostate cancer with combined [18F] fluorocholine PET and 1H MR spectroscopy by means of integrated PET/MRI.

PURPOSE: To evaluate integrated PET/MRI/1H MR spectroscopy in patients with prostate cancer. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data analysis comprised calculations of correlations of standardized uptake values (SUVs) and ratios of (choline+creatine)/citrate as well as of single metabolite values and a logistic regression analysis of PET data and MR spectroscopy data in 22 patients. RESULTS: SUVmean and integral values of choline correlated significantly in tumors. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated diagnostic superiority of PET over spectroscopy. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous acquisition of PET and MR spectroscopy with integrated PET/MRI is feasible. Choline compounds and choline metabolism show a positive significant correlation.