Epigenetics of Skeletal Diseases.
Curr Osteoporos Rep
; 16(3): 246-255, 2018 06.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29574535
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Epigenetic mechanisms modify gene activity in a stable manner without altering DNA sequence. They participate in the adaptation to the environment, as well as in the pathogenesis of common complex disorders. We provide an overview of the role of epigenetic mechanisms in bone biology and pathology. RECENT FINDINGS:
Extensive evidence supports the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms (DNA methylation, post-translational modifications of histone tails, and non-coding RNAs) in the differentiation of bone cells and mechanotransduction. A variety of epigenetic abnormalities have been described in patients with osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and skeletal cancers, but their actual pathogenetic roles are still unclear. A few drugs targeting epigenetic marks have been approved for neoplastic disorders, and many more are being actively investigated. Advances in the field of epigenetics underscore the complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors as determinants of osteoporosis and other common disorders. Likewise, they help to explain the mechanisms by which prenatal and post-natal external factors, from nutrition to psychological stress, impact our body and influence the risk of later disease.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Osteoartritis
/
Osteoporosis
/
Neoplasias Óseas
/
Diferenciación Celular
/
Epigénesis Genética
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Curr Osteoporos Rep
Asunto de la revista:
ORTOPEDIA
Año:
2018
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
España