The role of cytokines in T-cell memory in health and disease.
Immunol Rev
; 283(1): 176-193, 2018 05.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29664568
ABSTRACT
Upon stimulation with their cognate antigen, naive T cells undergo proliferation and differentiation into effector cells, followed by apoptosis or survival as precursors of long-lived memory cells. These phases of a T-cell response and the ensuing maintenance of memory T cells are shaped by cytokines, most notably interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-7, and IL-15 that share the common γ chain (γc ) cytokine receptor. Steady-state production of IL-7 and IL-15 is necessary for background proliferation and homeostatic survival of CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells. During immune responses, augmented levels of IL-2, IL-15, IL-21, IL-12, IL-18, and type-I interferons determine the memory potential of antigen-specific effector CD8+ cells, while increased IL-2 and IL-15 cause bystander proliferation of heterologous CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells. Limiting availability of γc cytokines, reduction in regulatory T cells or IL-10, and persistence of inflammation or cognate antigen can result in memory T cells, which fail to become cytokine-dependent long-lived cells. Conversely, increased IL-7 and IL-15 can expand memory T cells, including pathogenic tissue-resident memory T cells, as seen in lymphopenia and certain chronic-inflammatory disorders and malignancies. These abovementioned factors impact immunotherapy and vaccines directed at memory T cells in cancer and chronic infection.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Citocinas
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Subgrupos de Linfocitos T
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Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades
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Inmunidad Celular
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Memoria Inmunológica
Límite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Immunol Rev
Año:
2018
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Suiza