The genetic factors contributing to hypospadias and their clinical utility in its diagnosis.
J Cell Physiol
; 234(5): 5519-5523, 2019 05.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30238986
ABSTRACT
Hypospadias is among the most common congenital malformations in male neonates. It results from abnormal penile and urethral development, but is a multifactorial disorder that is highly heterogeneous, with several genetic and environmental determinants. Monogenic and chromosomal abnormalities are present in approximately 30% of cases, although the genetic factors contributing to hypospadias remain unknown in 70% of cases. While defects in androgen synthesis can lead to this malformation, mutational analyses have shown several genes, such as sonic hedgehog, fibroblast growth factors, bone morphogenetic proteins, homeobox genes, and the Wnt family, are involved in the normal development of male external genitalia. Mutations in the genes of penile development (e.g., HOX, FGF, Shh) and testicular determination (e.g., WT1, SRY), luteinizing hormone receptor, and androgen receptor have also been proposed to be implicated in hypospadias. Here we review the recent advances in this field and discuss the potential genes that could determine the risk of hypospadias.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Marcadores Genéticos
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Pruebas Genéticas
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Hipospadias
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Mutación
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
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Etiology_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Cell Physiol
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Irán