Efficacy and Safety of Ultra-Low-Dose Valganciclovir Chemoprophylaxis for Cytomegalovirus Infection in High-Risk Kidney Transplantation Patients.
Transplant Proc
; 51(8): 2689-2692, 2019 Oct.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31351773
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Valganciclovir (VGCV) prophylaxis of 900 mg twice daily for 6 months is recommended to prevent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, which is a major cause of decreased graft and patient survival in kidney transplant recipients. However, recent studies have shown the efficacy of 900 mg once daily for 3 to 6 months. Maintaining VGCV compliance is difficult because of high drug costs and side effects, such as thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. Therefore, we studied the efficacy of ultra-low dose, short-duration VGCV (450 mg every other day for 3 months) in preventing CMV infection in ABO-incompatible (ABOiKT) and deceased donor kidney transplant (DDKT) recipients.METHODS:
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all kidney transplant patients > 18 years old treated at Bong Seng Memorial Hospital from June 2009 to July 2016 who received ultra-low-dose VGCV prophylaxis (450 mg every other day for 3 months). The review included 74 CMV seropositive donor/seropositive recipient (D+/R+) ABOiKT and 78 CMV D+/R+DDKT recipients. The primary outcome was occurrence of CMV infection. Secondary outcomes were graft and patient survival and hematologic side effects.RESULTS:
Mean prophylaxis and follow-up were 3 and 98 months, respectively. CMV disease occurrence was significantly higher in DDKT than in ABOiKT (12 cases, 8.1%, vs 1 case, .7%, P < .01). There were no significant differences in patient survival rate, graft survival rate, or hematologic side effects between the groups.CONCLUSION:
Ultra-low-dose VGCV prophylaxis to prevent CMV infection is effective in ABOiKT, but other treatment protocols are needed for DDKT patients.
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Antivirales
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Trasplante de Riñón
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Infecciones por Citomegalovirus
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Valganciclovir
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
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Guideline
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Observational_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Transplant Proc
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article