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A decline in emissions of CFC-11 and related chemicals from eastern China.
Park, Sunyoung; Western, Luke M; Saito, Takuya; Redington, Alison L; Henne, Stephan; Fang, Xuekun; Prinn, Ronald G; Manning, Alistair J; Montzka, Stephen A; Fraser, Paul J; Ganesan, Anita L; Harth, Christina M; Kim, Jooil; Krummel, Paul B; Liang, Qing; Mühle, Jens; O'Doherty, Simon; Park, Hyeri; Park, Mi-Kyung; Reimann, Stefan; Salameh, Peter K; Weiss, Ray F; Rigby, Matthew.
Afiliación
  • Park S; Department of Oceanography, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
  • Western LM; School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. luke.western@bristol.ac.uk.
  • Saito T; National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan.
  • Redington AL; Hadley Centre, Met Office, Exeter, UK.
  • Henne S; Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
  • Fang X; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
  • Prinn RG; Center for Global Change Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • Manning AJ; Center for Global Change Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. rprinn@mit.edu.
  • Montzka SA; Hadley Centre, Met Office, Exeter, UK.
  • Fraser PJ; Global Monitoring Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA.
  • Ganesan AL; Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia.
  • Harth CM; School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
  • Kim J; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
  • Krummel PB; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
  • Liang Q; Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia.
  • Mühle J; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA.
  • O'Doherty S; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
  • Park H; School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
  • Park MK; Department of Oceanography, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
  • Reimann S; Kyungpook Institute of Oceanography, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
  • Salameh PK; Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
  • Weiss RF; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
  • Rigby M; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Nature ; 590(7846): 433-437, 2021 02.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33568814
Emissions of ozone-depleting substances, including trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11), have decreased since the mid-1980s in response to the Montreal Protocol1,2. In recent years, an unexpected increase in CFC-11 emissions beginning in 2013 has been reported, with much of the global rise attributed to emissions from eastern China3,4. Here we use high-frequency atmospheric mole fraction observations from Gosan, South Korea and Hateruma, Japan, together with atmospheric chemical transport-model simulations, to investigate regional CFC-11 emissions from eastern China. We find that CFC-11 emissions returned to pre-2013 levels in 2019 (5.0 ± 1.0 gigagrams per year in 2019, compared to 7.2 ± 1.5 gigagrams per year for 2008-2012, ±1 standard deviation), decreasing by 10 ± 3 gigagrams per year since 2014-2017. Furthermore, we find that in this region, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) emissions-potentially associated with CFC-11 production-were higher than expected after 2013 and then declined one to two years before the CFC-11 emissions reduction. This suggests that CFC-11 production occurred in eastern China after the mandated global phase-out, and that there was a subsequent decline in production during 2017-2018. We estimate that the amount of the CFC-11 bank (the amount of CFC-11 produced, but not yet emitted) in eastern China is up to 112 gigagrams larger in 2019 compared to pre-2013 levels, probably as a result of recent production. Nevertheless, it seems that any substantial delay in ozone-layer recovery has been avoided, perhaps owing to timely reporting3,4 and subsequent action by industry and government in China5,6.

Texto completo: 1 Bases de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Nature Año: 2021 Tipo del documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Bases de datos: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Nature Año: 2021 Tipo del documento: Article