Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in a Nationwide Cohort of Older and Younger Veterans with Waldenström Macroglobulinemia, 2006-2019.

ABSTRACT

Little is known about real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) following the recent introduction of newer treatments, especially among older adults. We describe patterns of first-line (1 L) WM treatment in early (2006-2012) and modern (2013-2019) eras and report outcomes (overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse event (AE)-related discontinuation) in younger (≤70 years) and older (>70 years) populations. We followed 166 younger and 152 older WM patients who received 1 L treatment between January 2006 and April 2019 in the Veterans Health Administration. Median follow-up was 43.5 months (range 0.6-147.2 months). Compared to the early era, older patients in the modern era achieved improved ORRs (early 63.8%, modern 72.3%) and 41% lower risk of death/progression (hazard ratio (HR) for PFS 0.59, 95% CI (confidence interval) 0.36-0.95), with little change in AE-related discontinuation between eras (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.4-1.7). In younger patients, the AE-related discontinuation risk increased almost fourfold (HR 3.9, 95% CI 1.1-14), whereas treatment effects did not change between eras (HR for OS 1.4, 95% CI 0.66-2.8; HR for PFS 1.1, 95% CI 0.67-1.7). Marked improvements in survival among older adults accompanied a profound shift in 1 L treatment patterns for WM.