Discordant humoral and T cell immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in people with multiple sclerosis on anti-CD20 therapy.
medRxiv
; 2021 Aug 25.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34462762
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1P) modulators and antiCD20 therapies impair humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. Whether disease modifying therapies (DMTs) for multiple sclerosis (MS) also impact T cell immune response to vaccination is unknown.METHODS:
In 101 people with MS, we measured humoral responses via an immunoassay to measure IgG against the COVID-19 spike S1 glycoprotein in serum. We also measured T cell responses using FluoroSpot assay for interferon gamma (IFN-γ) (Mabtech,Sweden) using cryopreserved rested PBMCs and then incubated in cRPMI with 1µg/ml of pooled peptides spanning the entire spike glycoprotein (Genscript, 2 pools; 158 peptides each). Plates were read on an AID iSpot Spectrum to determine number of spot forming cells (SFC)/10 6 PBMCs. We tested for differences in immune responses across DMTs using linear models.FINDINGS:
Humoral responses were detected in 22/39 (56.4%) participants on anti-CD20 and in 59/63 (93.6%) participants on no or other DMTs. In a subset with immune cell phenotyping (n=88; 87%), T cell responses were detected in 76/88 (86%), including 32/33 (96.9%) participants on anti-CD20 therapies. AntiCD20 therapies were associated with an increase in IFN-γ SFC counts relative to those on no DMT or other DMTs (for antiCD20 vs. no DMT 425.9% higher [95%CI 109.6%, 1206.6%] higher; p<0.001; for antiCD20 vs. other DMTs 289.6% [95%CI 85.9%, 716.6%] higher; p<0.001).INTERPRETATION:
We identified a robust T cell response in individuals on anti-CD20 therapies despite a reduced humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Follow up studies are needed to determine if this translates to protection against COVID-19 infection.
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Bases de datos:
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Tipo de estudio:
Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Idioma:
En
Revista:
MedRxiv
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos