Causal roles of daytime sleepiness in cardiometabolic diseases and osteoporosis.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Daytime sleepiness has some association with cardiometabolic diseases and osteoporosis, but it is unknown whether their relationship is causal. This two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study aims to explore their causal relationship. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included the largest genome-wide association studies (GWASs) associated with daytime sleepiness, cardiometabolic diseases and osteoporosis. 34 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used as the instrumental variables of daytime sleepiness. RESULTS: Genetic predisposition to excessive daytime sleepiness was strongly associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease (beta-estimate 0.610, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.128 to 1.093, standard error [SE] 0.246, p-value=0.013) and may increase the incidence of type 2 diabetes (beta-estimate 0.614, 95% CI 0.009 to 1.219, SE 0.309, p-value=0.047). We found no causal influence of daytime sleepiness on heart failure, atrial fibrillation, cerebral ischemia, intracerebral hemorrhage, forearm bone mineral density (FA-BMD), femoral neck BMD (FN-BMD), and lumbar spine BMD (LS-BMD). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggested that excessive daytime sleepiness was causally associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease, which may benefit to prevent this disease.