The tryptophan catabolite or kynurenine pathway in COVID-19 and critical COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BMC Infect Dis
; 22(1): 615, 2022 Jul 15.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35840908
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is accompanied by activated immune-inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress, which both induce indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a key enzyme of the tryptophan (TRP) catabolite (TRYCAT) pathway. The aim of this study was to systematically review and meta-analyze the status of the TRYCAT pathway, including the levels of TRP and kynurenine (KYN) and the activity of IDO, as measured by the ratio of KYN/TRP.METHODS:
This systematic review searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Sciences and included 14 articles that compared TRP and tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs) in COVID-19 patients versus non-COVID-19 controls, as well as severe/critical versus mild/moderate COVID-19. The analysis was done on a total of 1269 people, including 794 COVID-19 patients and 475 controls.RESULTS:
The results show a significant (p < 0.0001) increase in the KYN/TRP ratio (standardized mean difference, SMD = 1.099, 95% confidence interval, CI 0.714; 1.484) and KYN (SMD = 1.123, 95% CI 0.730; 1.516) and significantly lower TRP (SMD = - 1.002, 95%CI - 1.738; - 0.266) in COVID-19 versus controls. The KYN/TRP ratio (SMD = 0.945, 95%CI 0.629; 1.262) and KYN (SMD = 0.806, 95%CI 0.462; 1.149) were also significantly (p < 0.0001) higher and TRP lower (SMD = - 0.909, 95% CI - 1.569; - 0.249) in severe/critical versus mild/moderate COVID-19. No significant difference was detected in kynurenic acid (KA) and the KA/KYN ratio between COVID-19 patients and controls.CONCLUSIONS:
Our results indicate increased activity of the IDO enzyme in COVID-19 and severe/critical patients. The TRYCAT pathway is implicated in the pathophysiology and progression of COVID-19 and may signal a worsening outcome of the disease.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
COVID-19
/
Quinurenina
Tipo de estudio:
Systematic_reviews
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Infect Dis
Asunto de la revista:
DOENCAS TRANSMISSIVEIS
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Tailandia