Perceived and Received Social Support and Illness Acceptance Among Breast Cancer Patients: The Serial Mediation of Meaning-Making and Fear of Recurrence.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The literature indicates connections between social support and acceptance of a personal diagnosis of breast cancer, but these relationships are likely to be mediated due to numerous connections between social support and illness acceptance with meaning-making and fear of recurrence. We decided to investigate whether meaning-making and fear of recurrence serially mediated the relationship between perceived and received social support and illness acceptance. METHODS: The current research examined 246 adult women patients with a breast cancer diagnosis who were undergoing radiotherapy/chemotherapy treatment in oncological hospitals. This cross-sectional study based on a mediational model was reported according to the STROBE checklist. RESULTS: Our results supported the mediational model in which meaning-making and fear of recurrence serially mediated the relationship of both perceived and received social support with illness acceptance. Furthermore, the mediating power of meaning-making was more significant than the fear of recurrence. CONCLUSION: Meaning structures and anxiety played an important mediating role in breast cancer patients. Finding additional meaning and goals and experiencing lower fear enables the patients to effectively make use of social support and accept their illness. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The current study identified factors that increase illness acceptance among breast cancer patients as it showed that patients can gain a greater understanding of the nature of their illness by becoming more aware of their own goals and values and reduce anxiety by learning about their current state of the illness.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the world, and the hardships of the cancer experience are considered potentially traumatic events associated with psychological effects. One of the most important factors responsible for the patient's daily functioning is illness acceptance. Therefore, we investigated whether meaning-making and fear of recurrence serially mediated the relationship between perceived and received social support and illness acceptance. We examined 246 adult women patients with a breast cancer diagnosis. In our study, patients with breast cancer who received more social support had a better understanding of their illness and lower fear of recurrence. Moreover, women with breast cancer characterized by a sense of purpose and optimism experienced lower anxiety about a potential relapse of the disease. Meaning structures and anxiety played an important mediating role in breast cancer patients. Finding additional meaning and goals and experiencing lower fear enables the patients to make use of social support and accept their illness effectively.