CT-based whole lung radiomics nomogram: a tool for identifying the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the value of CT-based whole lung radiomics nomogram for identifying the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 974 patients with COPD were divided into a training cohort (n = 402), an internal validation cohort (n = 172), and an external validation cohort (n = 400) from three hospitals. Clinical data and CT findings were analyzed. Radiomics features of whole lung were extracted from the non-contrast chest CT images. A radiomics signature was constructed with algorithms. Combined with the radiomics score and independent clinical factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to establish a radiomics nomogram. ROC curve was used to analyze the prediction performance of the model. RESULTS: Age, weight, and GOLD were the independent clinical factors. A total of 1218 features were extracted and reduced to 15 features to build the radiomics signature. In the training cohort, the combined model (area under the curve [AUC], 0.731) showed better discrimination capability (p < 0.001) than the clinical factors model (AUC, 0.605). In the internal validation cohort, the combined model (AUC, 0.727) performed better (p = 0.032) than the clinical factors model (AUC, 0.629). In the external validation cohort, the combined model (AUC, 0.725) performed better (p < 0.001) than the clinical factors model (AUC, 0.690). Decision curve analysis demonstrated the radiomics nomogram outperformed the clinical factors model. CONCLUSION: The CT-based whole lung radiomics nomogram has the potential to identify the risk of CVD in patients with COPD. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT This study helps to identify cardiovascular disease risk in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on chest CT scans. KEY POINTS • To investigate the value of CT-based whole lung radiomics features in identifying the risk of cardiovascular disease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. • The radiomics nomogram showed better performance than the clinical factors model to identify the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. • The radiomics nomogram demonstrated excellent performance in the training, internal validation, and external validation cohort (AUC, 0.731; AUC, 0.727; AUC, 0.725).