Promiscuous G-protein activation by the calcium-sensing receptor.
Nature
; 629(8011): 481-488, 2024 May.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38632411
ABSTRACT
The human calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) detects fluctuations in the extracellular Ca2+ concentration and maintains Ca2+ homeostasis1,2. It also mediates diverse cellular processes not associated with Ca2+ balance3-5. The functional pleiotropy of CaSR arises in part from its ability to signal through several G-protein subtypes6. We determined structures of CaSR in complex with G proteins from three different subfamilies Gq, Gi and Gs. We found that the homodimeric CaSR of each complex couples to a single G protein through a common mode. This involves the C-terminal helix of each Gα subunit binding to a shallow pocket that is formed in one CaSR subunit by all three intracellular loops (ICL1-ICL3), an extended transmembrane helix 3 and an ordered C-terminal region. G-protein binding expands the transmembrane dimer interface, which is further stabilized by phospholipid. The restraint imposed by the receptor dimer, in combination with ICL2, enables G-protein activation by facilitating conformational transition of Gα. We identified a single Gα residue that determines Gq and Gs versus Gi selectivity. The length and flexibility of ICL2 allows CaSR to bind all three Gα subtypes, thereby conferring capacity for promiscuous G-protein coupling.
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Proteínas de Unión al GTP Heterotriméricas
/
Receptores Sensibles al Calcio
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Nature
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos