Effect of grape-derived products on the serum levels of enzymes mainly produced by the liver: A systematic review and meta-analysis of parallel randomized controlled trials.

ABSTRACT

In recent years, an increase in the incidence of liver diseases has been reported all over the world. This study aims to comprehensively summarize and quantitatively analyze the existing evidence concerning the effectiveness of grape-derived products on liver enzymes through a systematic review and meta-analytic approach. PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science were comprehensively searched until January 2024. Articles that reported the effect of grape-derived products on serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were included. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) were pooled using a random-effects model. Nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results revealed that grape-derived products did not significantly change the concentrations of ALT (WMD -2.70 IU/L, 95% CI -6.14 to 0.75, p = 0.12), and AST (WMD -1.42 IU/L, 95% CI -3.54 to 0.70, p = 0.18). However, a significant reduction was observed in serum ALP levels (WMD -5.49 IU/L, 95% CI -9.57 to -1.4, p = 0.008). The present findings suggest that grape-derived products positively influence serum ALP levels among adults. However, a more comprehensive decision necessitates additional studies.