Spatial technologies to evaluate the HIV-1 reservoir and its microenvironment in the lymph node.
mBio
; 15(8): e0190924, 2024 Aug 14.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39058091
ABSTRACT
The presence of the HIV-1 reservoir, a group of immune cells that contain intact, integrated, and replication-competent proviruses, is a major challenge to cure HIV-1. HIV-1 reservoir cells are largely unaffected by the cytopathic effects of viruses, antiviral immune responses, or antiretroviral therapy (ART). The HIV-1 reservoir is seeded early during HIV-1 infection and augmented during active viral replication. CD4+ T cells are the primary target for HIV-1 infection, and recent studies suggest that memory T follicular helper cells within the lymph node, more precisely in the B cell follicle, harbor integrated provirus, which contribute to viral rebound upon ART discontinuation. The B cell follicle, more specifically the germinal center, possesses a unique environment because of its distinct property of being partly immune privileged, potentially allowing HIV-1-infected cells within the lymph nodes to be protected from CD8+ T cells. This modified immune response in the germinal center of the follicle is potentially explained by the exclusion of CD8+ T cells and the presence of T regulatory cells at the junction of the follicle and extrafollicular region. The proviral makeup of HIV-1-infected cells is similar in lymph nodes and blood, suggesting trafficking between these compartments. Little is known about the cell-to-cell interactions, microenvironment of HIV-1-infected cells in the follicle, and trafficking between the lymph node follicle and other body compartments. Applying a spatiotemporal approach that integrates genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics to investigate the HIV-1 reservoir and its neighboring cells in the lymph node has promising potential for informing HIV-1 cure efforts.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Bases de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Infecciones por VIH
/
VIH-1
/
Ganglios Linfáticos
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
MBio
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos