Effects of Videos and Therapeutic Music on Preoperative Anxiety and Postoperative Anxiety and Pain Levels in Boys Who Undergo Circumcision.

PURPOSE: This purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of having boys aged 5 to 10 years who will undergo circumcision surgery watch informative videos and listen to therapeutic music on preoperative anxiety, and postoperative anxiety, pain, and nausea and vomiting. DESIGN: This was a prospective and ranomized controlled study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 90 boys aged 5 to 10 years who underwent circumcision surgery. The boys included in the study were randomly divided into 3 groups of 30 using a computer program. The first group (group V) watched the video; the second group (group M) listened to the music, and the third group (group C) was the control group with usual care. Boys and their parents were not blinded to the grouping. FINDINGS: Heart rate.ßvalues were found to be statistically significantly lower compared to the control group at the 1st minute after local anesthesia in group V (P.ß=.ß.029), at the 5th minute after local anesthesia in group M (P.ß=.ß.030), and at the 10th minute after local anesthesia and after the surgery in both group V and group M (P.ß=.ß.001 and P.ß=.ß.010, respectively). Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale.ßscores of the control group measured at the 2nd postoperative hour were found to be significantly higher than those of group V (P.ß=.ß.018). Children's Fear Scale.ßscores of group V measured at the time of admission to the postoperative service were found to be significantly higher than those of group M and group C (P.ß<.ß.001). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of additional analgesic use, nausea and vomiting percentages, and time to discharge. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study revealed that having boys aged 5 to 10 years who will undergo circumcision surgery watch informative videos and listen to therapeutic music did not have any significant effect on their postoperative pain, fear, and anxiety levels. Further large-scale studies, which will also include children who will not undergo circumcision surgery, are needed to generalize this study's results to larger populations.

The Relationship Between Spiritual Well-Being, Life Satisfaction and Hope in Elderly Individuals in Turkey.

Life satisfaction and hope are important features in elderly individuals. Spiritual well-being is thought to affect life satisfaction and hope in the elderly. This study was conducted to determine the association between spiritual well-being and life satisfaction and hope in elderly persons. This study followed a cross-sectional design. The sample size of the study was 1383 individuals aged 65 or older. The Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp), Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Hope Scale were administered to participants. Results indicated that spiritual well-being was significantly associated with life satisfaction and hope (p < 0.05). A limitation of this finding is the possible contamination of the measure of spiritual well-being with indicators of meaning and peace that could explain the relationship between spiritual well-being and hope. The spiritual well-being scale used in this research included indicators of meaning and peace that could explain the relationship between spiritual well-being and hope.

Air pollution and pediatric respiratory hospital admissions in Bursa, Turkey: A time series study.

We aimed to investigate the relation between air pollution and the number of daily hospitalizations due to pneumonia, asthma, bronchitis in children aged 0-18 in Bursa city of Turkey, between the years 2013-2018. The daily values of air pollutants (PM10, SO2, NO2, NOx, CO, and O3) from 2013 until 2018, were obtained. Adjusted Quasi-Poisson regression models including distributed lags, controlled for climate variables were used for data analysis. Increases in SO2, ozone, PMs, and nitrogen oxides were associated with pneumonia hospitalizations, increases in SO2 NOx and PMs were associated with asthma hospitalizations, and increases in SO2 and ozone were associated with bronchitis hospitalizations. Male hospitalization was related with SO2, ozone, and NOx; while female hospitalization was only related with SO2. This study showed that short-term exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk of pneumonia, asthma, and bronchitis hospitalization among children in Bursa.

The Effect of Correct Handwashing and Mask Wearing Training on Cardiac Patients' COVID-19 Fear and Anxiety.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the effect of correct handwashing and mask-wearing training on COVID-19 fear and generalized anxiety in cardiac patients. METHODS: Randomized controlled experimental study with the formation of intervention and control groups. DESIGN: The study (triple-blind) was conducted between August 11 and November 17, 2020, in the cardiology clinic of a tertiary hospital in western Turkey. The pre-study sample size was calculated as a minimum 45 at 80% strength, 0.05 significance level, and 0.60 influence quantity for each group. 112 volunteers meeting the criteria were included in the study. The study was completed with a total of 105 individuals in the intervention group (n=50) and control group (n=53). The post-study strength was (1- ß) =1. This study was performed in five stages: (1) collection of data, (2) randomization, (3) providing training, (4) contacting the intervention and control groups for follow-up a month later, and (5) collection of the follow-up data. FINDINGS: The training provided to cardiac patients increased the correct handwashing technique (U=36.00; p<0.001) and the correct mask-wearing technique (U=99.00; p<0.001) and decreased COVID-19 fear (U=883.5; p<0.001) and anxiety (U=751.0; p<0.001) (p <.05). CONCLUSION: It can be considered that the training provided to the cardiac patients in preventing COVID-19 may also be suitable for other risk groups. CLINICAL EVIDENCE: Practical training at the individual level can be used to train cardiac patients.

Relationship between Compassion and Spiritual Care among Nurses in Turkey.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the compassion level of nurses on the frequency of their provision of spiritual care therapeutics to patients. The research was conducted as a correlational descriptive study and included 253 nurses working in a university hospital in Turkey between October and December 2020. The data were collected via an online survey using psychometrically valid scales to assess the nurses' compassion and provision of spiritual care therapeutics. The nurses had a high compassion level and a medium level of spiritual care therapeutics. Compassion level explained 31% of the frequency of spiritual care therapeutics. As nurses' compassion levels increased, the frequency of their provision of spiritual care therapeutics to patients also increased.

Effect of Perceived Social Support on Self-care Agency and Loneliness Among Elderly Muslim People.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of perceived social support on self-care agency and loneliness among elderly Muslim people. This study used a cross-sectional design and included 965 elderly individuals who met the inclusion criteria. There was a positive correlation between perceived social support and self-care agency and a negative correlation between perceived social support and loneliness in elderly muslim individuals (p < 0.05). It is recommended that psychiatric nurses should activate the social support mechanisms of elderly individuals, and necessary follow-ups to increase self-care agencies must be conducted.

The Association Between Religious Belief and Treatment Adherence Among Those with Mental Illnesses.

This study was conducted to determine the association between religious belief and treatment adherence among those with mental illness. The sample size of this cross-sectional study was determined to be 255 patients diagnosed with mental illness via power analysis. A descriptive characteristics form prepared by the researcher, the Systems of Belief Inventory, and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale were used to collect data. Patients were listed and chosen by using a simple random sampling method. This study found no significant correlation between religious belief and treatment adherence (p > .05). It was determined that treatment adherence was moderate in patients with high religious beliefs and that treatment adherence was low in patients with low religious beliefs. Religious belief was not a factor influencing treatment adherence among those with mental illness.

The Effect of Religious Belief on Depression and Hopelessness in Advanced Cancer Patients.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of religious belief on depression and hopelessness in advanced cancer patients. The sample size of this cross-sectional study was determined as 267 as a result of the power analysis. The study was carried out between February 2018 and December 2018. "The Patient Information Form", "The Religious Attitude Scale", "The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)", and "The Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS)" were used to collect the data. It was determined that the total mean score of the cancer patients participating in the study for Religious Attitude Scale was 4.51 ± 0.44 (high level), their total mean score for depression inventory was 19.06 ± 9.38 (moderate level), and their total mean score for hopelessness scale was 10.23 ± 1.94 (moderate level). In the study, the difference between the religious beliefs and depression and hopelessness levels of the cancer patients was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In the study, it was determined that depression and hopelessness levels of cancer patients were moderate and their religious beliefs were high. It is recommended for healthcare professionals to add spirituality to healthcare in order to provide the spiritual relief of cancer patients.

The relationship between domestic violence against women and suicide risk.

AIM: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between domestic violence against women and suicide risk. METHODS: The population of the study consisted of married women aged 18 years and over in 10 Family Health Centers located within the boundaries of Yesilyurt Municipality of Malatya Province. The study was completed with 1025 women. In the data collection, a 6-question questionnaire prepared by the researcher upon the literature review, Domestic Violence Scale, and Suicide Probability Scale were used. Percentage distribution, arithmetic mean, independent samples t test, and correlation were used to assess the data. RESULTS: In the study, it was found that domestic violence levels of the women were high and their suicide risks were moderate. A statistically positive correlation was determined between DVS subscale and total mean scores of the women and their suicide risk subscale and total mean scores (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In the study, it was determined that as the women's exposure to domestic violence increased, their suicide risks also increased. It can be recommended to establish centers for women and organize trainings in order to prevent domestic violence and suicide risk in women.

Mokken scaling of the Caring Dimensions Inventory (CDI-25).

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To validate a Turkish version of the Caring Dimensions Inventory in a group of Turkish nursing students. BACKGROUND: There are no studies about how nurses or nursing students perceive caring in nursing in Turkey. There is also no valid and reliable instrument in Turkey for evaluating caring in nursing. DESIGN: Descriptive study design. METHODS: Using a convenience sample of nursing students (n = 266), standard forward-back translation techniques were used with the Caring Dimensions Inventory. An expert panel considered the translations and provided content validation. A final version of the Caring Dimensions Inventory was tested with 10 nursing students, and we found no difficulties with the items in the instrument. Mokken Scaling analysis of the Caring Dimensions Inventory was used. RESULTS: A range of psychosocial and professional/technical items was included in the Mokken scale with 'Providing privacy for a patient' as the most endorsed (mean = 4.66) item and 'Being with a patient during a clinical procedure' being the least endorsed (mean = 3.87). There is a tendency for the most endorsed items to be psychosocial with the professional/technical items being less endorsed, with the exception of the least endorsed item 'Being with a patient during a clinical procedure' which is a psychosocial item. CONCLUSION: The Turkish version of the Caring Dimensions Inventory is a reliable instrument for measuring nurses' perceptions about caring. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The results using the Caring Dimensions Inventory will help to identify how caring in nursing is perceived by nursing students in Turkey. Repeating this study in different groups such as working nurses will help to determine nurses who work in clinical settings perceive caring in nursing.

The effect of breast self-examination training on nursing students by using hybrid-based simulation on knowledge, skills, and ability to correctly evaluate pathological findings: Randomized Controlled Study.

AIM: To investigate the effectiveness of hybrid simulation-based training and classical-based training with the Miller pyramids' ability to evaluate students' knowledge, skills and pathologies in breast self-examination. BACKGROUND: Breast cancer incidence is becoming more common among women in developed and developing countries. Nurses should be capable of evaluating breast self-examination knowledge, abilities and pathologies. METHOD: A randomized full experimental design was used. Two groups were formed: a hybrid simulation-based training group (n = 36) and a classical-based training group (n = 36)-students in the hybrid simulation-based group trained on a standardized patient with a wearable breast attachment. The classical-based training group received training on the breast model. The laboratory performance of the students was evaluated one week after the training. Their performance on the standardized patient was evaluated against the checklist in the clinical setting one week after the laboratory. Before and after the training, each student's knowledge of basic and Application steps was evaluated. Students completed the self-description form regarding the clinical process after the clinical performance. All participants received 60 min of theoretical and 60 min of demonstration training. While the students in the hybrid simulation-based training group completed the 55-minute simulation training, the students in the Classic-based training group practised on the desktop breast model for 10 min. The hybrid simulation-based training group received 175 min of total training time, whereas the classical-based training group received 130 min. RESULTS: Compared with classical-based training, teaching BSE with hybrid simulation-based training raised students' total knowledge score, application step score, skill score and pathological evaluation score (p < 0.05). Students who trained using hybrid simulation-based training experienced low levels of anxiety but increased levels of excitement and motivation (p < 0.05). The education and counselling scores of students who received hybrid simulation -based simulation training were higher than those who received classical-based training (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups' BSE mean pre-test basic knowledge scores (p = 0.186). BSE mean application steps knowledge scores difference (pre-test-post-test) of the groups was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001) CONCLUSION: The ability to accurately evaluate breast self-examination on knowledge, skills and pathological findings of students in the hybrid simulation-based training group was higher than in the classical-based training group. Besides, the students' perceived communication, education and counselling efficiency in the hybrid simulation-based training group were higher compared with the classical-based training group.

The effect of hybrid simulated burn care training on nursing students' knowledge, skills, and empathy: A randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Although improvements in burn care have increased the probability of survival in recent years, major complications are still common in burn patients. Nursing students should be competent to evaluate and intervene in the burn. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of hybrid simulated burn care training on nursing students' knowledge, skills, and empathy. DESIGN: In this study, a randomised experimental design was used. PARTICIPANTS: This study was conducted on third-year undergraduate nursing students. METHODS: Students in this study were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the Hybrid Simulated Group (N = 26) and the Control Group (N = 30). Standard Education training was completed by all participants. Only the hybrid simulation group students received training on the standardised patient with wearable burn plasters. Students' knowledge of burn care was assessed using an information questionnaire immediately following the theoretical training and after training for three weeks. An Objective Structured Clinical Exam was used to assess students' abilities. The Objective Structured Clinical Exam was convened three weeks after the theoretical training. The Multidimensional Emotional Empathy Scale was used to assess the students' empathy ability level immediately following the theoretical training and three weeks later. RESULTS: After the intervention, nursing students in the Hybrid Simulated group had improved empathy, knowledge, skills of physical assessment, and implementation of interventions and referral criteria on burn care (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Simulated burn training could be utilised to improve nursing students' empathy, knowledge, and skills of physical assessment evaluation of interventions and referral criteria on burn care.

The relationship between weight self-stigma, depression and loneliness in people with obesity.

The research was conducted to determine the level of weight self-stigma, depression loneliness and whether is there a relationship between them. This was a descriptive correlational study. The study was conducted in a diet outpatient clinic of a university hospital. Participants had moderate weight self-stigma, depression and loneliness. Weight self-stigma sub-dimensions self-devaluation (ß=0.28; p<0.001) and fear of enacted stigma (ß=0.28; p<0.001) equally predicted depression. Fear of enacted stigma predicted social loneliness negatively (ß=-.44; p<0.001). Fear of enacted stigma (ß =.16, p<.005) and depression (ß =.44, p<.001) predicted emotional loneliness positively. Weight self-stigma was positively correlated with depression and loneliness (p<0.001).

The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Training on Hope, Psychological Well-Being, and Functional Recovery in Patients with Schizophrenia.

This study tested the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training on multiple outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. We compared MBSR, psychoeducation, and control groups in a randomized controlled research design. Outcome measures assessed hope, psychological wellbeing, and functional recovery over three time points in 137 participants. The results of this study indicate that MBSR training was more effective in terms of increasing the level of hope, psychological well-being, and functional recovery of schizophrenia patients when compared with psychoeducation and control patients.

Nurses' perceptions of caring activities in nursing.

Aim: This study aimed to determine nurses' perceptions of caring activities in nursing. Design: A descriptive study design. Methods: A Turkish translation of the 25-item version of the Caring Dimensions Inventory was completed by 260 nurses working in one university hospital. Data were analysed using Mokken scaling. Results: Technical aspects of nursing were highly endorsed items such as "observing the effects of a medication on a patient, measuring vital signs, being technically competent with a clinical procedure, consulting with the doctor" except for the item "providing privacy for a patient" which is a psychosocial item. The range of items included in the Mokken scale with "providing privacy for a patient" (mean = 4.31) as the most endorsed, and "exploring the patient's lifestyle" (mean = 2.60) being the least endorsed item. Listening to patients and involving them in their care are not considered as caring.

The effect of negative automatic thoughts on hope in patients with schizophrenia.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of negative automatic thoughts on hope in patients with schizophrenia. DESIGN AND METHODS: The sample size of the study was calculated to be 94 patients through the power analysis. The study was completed with 115 patients who met the inclusion criteria. "descriptive characteristics form," "automatic thoughts questionnaire-negative," and "dispositional hope scale" were used to collect the data. FINDINGS: In the study, it was found that there was a negative strong correlation between negative automatic thoughts and hope levels. In addition, the negative automatic thoughts of the patients had a statistical significance in accounting for hope (p < .05) and the negative automatic thoughts predicted the hope by 66%. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: In the study, it was found that the patients had high negative automatic thoughts and moderate level of hopes. As negative automatic thoughts increased, hope decreased.

Identification of the correlation between illness perception and anxiety level in cancer patients.

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between the perception of the disease and level of anxiety in patients with cancer. DESIGN AND METHODS: A correlation and descriptive study from a convenience sample of 318 oncological patients aged 18 years and older was done. Subjects were measured with a Patient's Information Form, the Revised Illness Perception Questionnare, and the Strait-Trait Anxiety Inventory. FINDINGS: When evaluated together with most of its subscales, illness perception was found to affect anxiety. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Nurses should evaluate the anxiety levels of the cancer patients in every stage and should educate the patients and their relatives on coping with anxiety. Appropriate treatment and care depending on the illness perception of the cancer patients should be planned by nurses.

Comparison of smartphone addiction and loneliness in high school and university students.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to compare the relationship between the smartphone addiction and loneliness in high school and university students. DESIGN AND METHODS: A correlation and descriptive study from a convenience sample of 1156 high school and university students. Questionnaire, Smartphone Addiction scale, and Short Loneliness scale were used to collect the data of the study. FINDINGS: No relationship was found between the smartphone addiction and loneliness in high school and university students. PRACTICE IMPLACITIONS: It is recommended to organize comprehensive training programs for the students and their families in the school health services.

Self-concept and social comparison and their relation with smoking and alcohol consumption in adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Some attitudes that possess certain risks such as smoking and alcohol consumption rate are increasing among the adolescent age group. For this reason it is very important to shape the attitudes of adolescents during their growth period. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate the association of social comparison and self-concept of adolescents' relation with smoking and alcohol consumption. SUBJECTS: Study was conducted as a prospective study in nine high schools which are located in city of Bursa, Turkey. Nine hundred and fifty-three (n=953) students were included. METHODS: Data were gathered using a questionnaire form especially developed by researchers for this study according to relevant literature. For social comparison and self-concept evaluation Piers-Harris Self Concept Scale and Social Comparison Scale of Gilbert were used. RESULTS: The mean age was 15.74±1.27 and 411 of cases (43.1%) were male. It was determined that smoking and alcohol consumption increased as the age of adolescents' age increases. Rate of smoking and alcohol consumption was significantly higher in males compared to females. The mean self-concept scale score of the cases who smoke (52.30±11.01) were found to be lower than the non-smokers (56.07±10.13). The mean social comparison scale score of smoking adolescents' (70.25±23.99) was higher than the non-smokers (69.43±25.47). CONCLUSION: The social comparison scale scores were found to be higher in adolescents who consume alcohol and smoke tobacco. In contrast to this result self-concept scale scores were low. As a conclusion this study reveals that attitudes such as smoking and alcohol consumption are mostly influenced by self-concept of the adolescents and family attitudes towards adolescents.