RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have provided conflicting results about how living in a rural or urban environment influences schoolchildren with asthma and allergic diseases in different ways. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if recurrent wheezing preschoolers from rural or urban areas differ in asthma, allergic diseases, and atopy. METHODS: A cross-sectional-study in Rafaela, Argentina, on 143 preschoolers with recurrent wheezing from rural and urban settings was performed (2010-2012). Diagnosis of asthma (by positive asthma predictive index [API]), allergic diseases (rhinitis, dermatitis), and atopy (by skin prick test [SPT], peripheral blood eosinophils, and serum total IgE) were assessed. RESULTS: Preschoolers from rural settings had significantly higher prevalence of vaginal delivery, longer breastfeeding, earlier onset of wheezing, more parental smoking, siblings, shared a bedroom, and more exposure to chemicals used in plant fumigation or farm animals, and unpasteurized milk consumption, in comparison to preschoolers living in urban setting. In contrast, preschoolers from urban areas had significantly higher prevalence of parental history of allergy, positive skin prick test, and positive API. After multivariate analysis adjusting for covariates, maternal smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 3.44] and positive SPT (OR = 5.57) significantly increase the risk of asthma diagnosis (positive API); in contrast, living in rural setting (OR = 0.04), and having more siblings (OR = 0.51) decrease their risk. CONCLUSIONS: Recurrent wheezing preschoolers from rural areas had a significant inverse odds of being diagnosed with asthma (type-2 inflammation) when compared to those from urban areas. Exposure to farm animals and consumption of unpasteurized milk might have a role.
Assuntos
Hipersensibilidade/epidemiologia , População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , Alérgenos/imunologia , Animais , Argentina/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Eosinófilos/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/sangue , Hipersensibilidade/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidade/imunologia , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Lactente , Masculino , Sons Respiratórios , Testes CutâneosRESUMO
Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis is a severe and potentially fatal disease characterized by recurrent episodes of alveolar hemorrhage, hemoptysis, and anemia. His association with celiac disease, described as Lane- Hamilton syndrome, could be due to the fact that both entities share a common pathogenic immune pathway. We report two patients of 13 years who consulted for hemoptysis and severe anemia that had not responded to immunosuppressive treatment with pulses of methyl prednisolone, oral meprednisone and hydroxychloroquine. Although both children highlight the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms at the time of consultation, the dosage of anti-endomysial and anti-transglutaminase antibodies was positive and biopsy confirmed the presence of intestinal enteropathy. It is emphasized that in patients with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, even in the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms, the concomitant presence of celiac disease should be evaluated. If celiac disease is present, the incorporation of a gluten-free diet helps to control the symptoms, allows reducing the immunosuppressive treatment and improves the clinical course of both entities.
Assuntos
Doença Celíaca/diagnóstico , Hemorragia/diagnóstico , Hemossiderose/diagnóstico , Pneumopatias/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Anemia Ferropriva/etiologia , Hemoptise/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome , Hemossiderose PulmonarRESUMO
La hemosiderosis pulmonar idiopática (HPI) es una enfermedad grave y potencialmente fatal caracterizada por episodios recurrentes de hemorragia alveolar, hemoptisis y anemia. Su asociación con enfermedad celíaca (EC), descripta como síndrome de Lane-Hamilton, podría deberse a que ambas entidades comparten una misma vía inmunopatogénica. Se presentan dos pacientes de 13 años que consultaron por hemoptisis y anemia grave que no habían respondido al tratamiento inmunosupresor con pulsos de metilprednisolona, meprednisona e hidroxicloroquina. En ambos niños se destaca la ausencia de síntomas gastrointestinales al momento de la consulta, pero el dosaje de anticuerpos antiendomisio y antitransglutaminasa fue positivo, y la biopsia de intestino confirmó la presencia de enteropatía. En el plan de estudios de pacientes con síndrome de hemorragia alveolar difusa, aún en ausencia síntomas gastrointestinales, corresponde evaluar la presencia concomitante de enfermedad celíaca. En su presencia, la incorporación de una dieta libre de gluten favorece el control de los síntomas, permite reducir el tratamiento inmunosupresor y mejora la evolución clínica de ambas entidades.
Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis is a severe and potentially fatal disease characterized by recurrent episodes of alveolar hemorrhage, hemoptysis, and anemia. His association with celiac disease, described as Lane- Hamilton syndrome, could be due to the fact that both entities share a common pathogenic immune pathway. We report two patients of 13 years who consulted for hemoptysis and severe anemia that had not responded to immunosuppressive treatment with pulses of methyl prednisolone, oral meprednisone and hydroxychloroquine. Although both children highlight the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms at the time of consultation, the dosage of anti-endomysial and anti-transglutaminase antibodies was positive and biopsy confirmed the presence of intestinal enteropathy. It is emphasized that in patients with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, even in the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms, the concomitant presence of celiac disease should be evaluated. If celiac disease is present, the incorporation of a gluten-free diet helps to control the symptoms, allows reducing the immunosuppressive treatment and improves the clinical course of both entities.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Doença Celíaca/diagnóstico , Hemorragia/diagnóstico , Hemossiderose/diagnóstico , Pneumopatias/diagnóstico , Anemia Ferropriva/etiologia , Hemoptise/etiologia , SíndromeRESUMO
Con el objetivo de exponer las experiencias en la enfermedad endocrino-quirúrgica pancreática en la niñez, se presentaron 4 pacientes estudiados en el período comprendido entre 1970 y 1997. Se llegó al diagnóstico de nesidioblastosis en 3 pacientes menores de 1 año y en 1 paciente diabética insulinodependiente de 14 años de edad, una tumoración pancreática compatible con apudoma. Se presentaron con cuadros de hipoglicemia severa, en 3 de ellos con episodios convulsivos. Se logró diagnóstico bioquímico a través de perfil glicémico, valores de insulinemia e índice insulinogénico, con resultados anatomopatológicos e inmunohistoquímico que confirmaron el diagnóstico. Se realizó pancreatectomía subtotal como terapéutica definitiva con resultados favorables en 3 de los pacientes. La hiperglicemia inmediata se presentó como principal complicación en 2 pacientes y 1 muerte por sepsis generalizada. Se concluyó que la patología endocrino-quirúrgica pancreática en la infancia no es frecuente, pero, cuando se presenta se necesita para su atención adecuada la existencia de un equipo multidisciplinario y métodos diagnósticos donde cobra valor el índice insulinogénico y las técnicas de inmunohistoquímica, que ayudan fundamentalmente al diagnóstico de hipoglicemia con hiperinsulinismo
Assuntos
Apudoma/cirurgia , Pancreatopatias/cirurgia , Pancreatectomia , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/cirurgiaRESUMO
Mediante un estudio de 242 niños provenientes de nueve localidades del Estado Nueva Esparta, encuestados por la metodología de Clusters, encontramos que la cobertura de vacunación fue de 94,6% para la vacuna antipoliomielítica, 89,2% para la antisarampionosa, 95,0% para triple y 99,2% para B.C.G. En cuanto al riesgo cubierto los porcentajes encontrados fueron 93,5%, 106,6% y 109,4% para las vacunas antipoliomielítica, antisarampionosa y triple respectivamente. Los resultados arrojaron una eficacia para la vacuna antisarampionosa de 98,2% y una tasa de susceptibilidad de 7,4%. De acuerdo a los hallazgos de este estudio la cobertura de vacunación es satisfactoria, debiéndose continuar con este ritmo con la finalidad de evitar el cúmulo de susceptibles