Editorial Commentary: Hip Subspine Impact: Is There a Synergistic Effect Between Subspine Impact and Femoroacetabular Impingement?

Hip subspine impingement (SSI) is a condition located in the extra-articular area of the hip and is characterized by irregular contact between the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) and the distal femoral neck. Recently, it also has been described that SSI can occur in a normal AIIS, without or in combination with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), which has redirected the focus of the research. In clinical practice, SSI has no characteristic symptoms/signs and shares similar clinical findings with FAI, making it an important cause of revision hip arthroscopy due to the increased risk of being underdiagnosed and untreated. Consequently, interest in studying SSI and FAI simultaneously has grown to determine whether injuries to the labrum, chondrolabral junction, and acetabular cartilage can be aggravated by dynamic dysfunction or abnormal morphology of the AIIS.

Complications of Hip Endoscopy in the Treatment of Subgluteal Space Pathologies.

PURPOSE: To assess complications of hip endoscopy in patients with subgluteal space pathologies. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with sciatic nerve entrapment (SNE), ischiofemoral impingement (IFI), and rupture of the proximal origin of the hamstring muscles (RHM) who underwent a hip endoscopy from January 2012 to December 2018, after a minimum of 3 months of conservative management without satisfactory results. Complications were documented and graded using the adapted system of Clavien-Dindo. Revision surgeries were classified as treatment failures. Function was evaluated by the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index before and 12 months after the surgical procedure. RESULTS: A total of 97 hips with subgluteal space pathologies were treated with hip endoscopy. This total consisted of 77 hips with SNE, 5 with IFI, 12 with SNE + IFI, and 3 hips with RHM. Minor (Clavien-Dindo I-II) and major (Clavien-Dindo III-V) complications occurred in 7.22% (7) (95% confidence interval 3.54%-14.15%) and 12.37% (12) (95% confidence interval 7.22%-20.39%). Grade II, III, and IV complications were reported in 7.22% (7), 7.22%, and 5.15% (5) hips, respectively. Temporary nerve injury of the sciatic nerve, hematoma, and permanent nerve injury of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve were the most common grade II, grade III, and grade IV complications, respectively. The revision rate was 6.19% (6) and entrapment of the sciatic nerve was the main cause of reoperation. No statistically significant differences were found between cases with and without complications in the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores evaluated before and after surgery (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: A high rate of complications associated with hip endoscopy were observed in patients with SNE, IFI, and RHM. Sciatic nerve and posterior femoral cutaneous nerve injury were the most frequent events. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV, case series type.

Pain relief and good functional outcomes after hip endoscopy via posterior approach in patients with ischiofemoral impingement.

PURPOSE: Ischiofemoral impingement is considered to be an uncommon and difficult pathology to diagnose with respect to hip pain etiology. The objective was to describe the clinical results of endoscopic lesser trochanter resection via a posterior approach in patients with Ischiofemoral impingement. METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study of consecutive patients with Ischiofemoral impingement, who underwent endoscopic resection of the lesser trochanter via a posterior approach, between 2015 and 2018. Clinical results were evaluated using the ischiofemoral impingement test, long-stride walking test, modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and the Oxford scale to assess the strength of the iliopsoas muscle as well as the presence of complications. Preoperative and postoperative ischiofemoral space was measured to assess whether the resection of the lesser trochanter was adequate. RESULTS: 16 hips in 13 patients (mean age: 34.4 ± 12.1 years, 11 women) with a follow-up period between 24 and 59 months were included. Preoperative ischiofemoral space ranged from 6.4 to 22.4 mm, a measure > 17.0 mm was achieved in 15 hips without the presence of pain in IFI test and long-strides walking test. Function improved postoperatively, as reflected by a higher mean mHHS (preoperative: 44.6 ± 21.5, postoperative: 81.2 ± 15.1, p < 0.05). After surgery, the strength of the iliopsoas muscle was not decreased compared to the preoperative measure. Three complications were reported, including two cases that required revision surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic resection of the lesser trochanter via posterior approach provides satisfactory outcomes with symptom relief and good functional results in patients with Ischiofemoral impingement. It is important to discuss the benefits and risks when offering this treatment choice. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV.

Intraoperative Monitoring and Intra-abdominal Fluid Extravasation During Hip Arthroscopy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the intraoperative monitoring factors with intra-abdominal fluid extravasation (IAFE) in patients who underwent hip arthroscopy. The secondary purpose was to describe the main intraoperative variables between cases with and without IAFE. METHODS: We carried out a prospective observational study of 106 hip arthroscopies between June 2017 and June 2018. Within procedures, 54 cases with deep gluteal syndrome (DGS) were included. Ultrasonography was performed by a trained anesthesiologist before and after the surgery to identify the presence of fluid. The hepatorenal (Morison's pouch), splenorenal, retroaortic, suprapubic (longitudinal and transverse), and pleural spaces were examined. During the surgery, the blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), pulmonary compliance, oxygen saturation, and end-tidal carbon dioxide were registered. RESULTS: The incidence of IAFE was 31.1% (33/106; 95% confidence interval 23.0%-40.5%). IAFE in cases with isolated FAI was 15.9% (7/44) in comparison with 52.9% (9/17) of the cases with isolated DGS. Maximum values of PIP greater than 20 mm Hg were associated with fluid extravasation (odds ratio 3.22; 95% confidence interval 1.07-9.68). No statistically significant relationship was found in blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, oxygen saturation, end-tidal carbon dioxide, and pulmonary compliance between cases with and without IAFE. CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic IAFE, as measured by ultrasound, is a frequent event in patients who underwent hip arthroscopy, mainly in cases with DGS. PIP was found to be a useful intraoperative monitoring parameter for the early identification of IAFE in hip arthroscopy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II, observational prospective cohort study.

Frequency of Subspine Impingement in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement Evaluated With a 3-Dimensional Dynamic Study.

PURPOSE: (1) To estimate the frequency of subspine impingement (SSI) morphology in patients with a diagnosis of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and (2) to describe the performance of the alpha angle, range of motion, and femoral and acetabular anteversion for the identification of cases with and without SSI morphology. METHODS: We performed a retrospective observational study of patients with symptomatic FAI evaluated by computed tomography between February 2015 and June 2017. SSI morphology was identified using a 3-dimensional dynamic study with Move Forward software. A case was considered positive if a contact area of the anterior inferior iliac spine with the femoral neck was evidenced. Measurements of acetabular anteversion, femoral anteversion, the lateral center-edge angle, the alpha angle, and the neck-shaft angle, as well as range-of-mobility data, were collected. RESULTS: The study included 135 patients (194 hips), with a mean age of 39.1 ± 13.9 years; 65.2% were women. SSI morphology was found in 23.7% of hips (46 hips) (95% confidence interval, 18.3%-30.2%). Of the hips identified with SSI, 52.2% had a type I anterior inferior iliac spine, 41.3% had type II, and 6.5% had type III. In hips with SSI, median femoral anteversion was 5.6° (interquartile range, 2.1°-7.5°) and values of less than 8° would increase the suspected SSI morphology (81.8% sensitivity, 70.5% specificity). CONCLUSIONS: SSI morphology is a frequent finding in patients with symptomatic FAI through a 3-dimensional dynamic study. A decrease in femoral anteversion could be considered a useful criterion to suspect SSI morphology. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, case series.

Regrowth of the psoas tendon after arthroscopic tenotomy: a magnetic resonance imaging study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the psoas tendon regenerates after arthroscopic tenotomy through the central compartment of the hip in patients with internal snapping hip. METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with a snapping hip, aged 18 to 54 years (mean, 37.47 years), underwent arthroscopic tenotomy through the central compartment of the hip; all patients had symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement as well. The degree of regeneration was evaluated by preoperative and postoperative measurements of the tendon perimeter with a magnetic resonance imaging protocol in patients with more than 6 months' follow-up. In addition, function was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score. Postoperative active flexion force was graded clinically between 1 and 5 with the Medical Research Council score. RESULTS: Eight patients had less than 6 months' follow-up, and they were excluded. The remaining 19 patients were evaluated after a mean follow-up period of 23.16 months (SD, 12.95 months). Tendon regeneration occurred in all patients. Compared with preoperative measurement, the psoas tendon circumference had recovered by 84.3% on average (55.44 ± 5.68 mm v 46.71 ± 6.05 mm, P < .001). Pain improved in all patients, and the mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score fell from 49 ± 15.9 points to 10.74 ± 11.35 points (P < .001). Muscle force recovered completely in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: There is a process of tissular repair after psoas tenotomy, and the findings on magnetic resonance imaging suggest that tendon tissue regrowth occurs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic case series.

Groin pain of neurological origin as a differential diagnosis of femoroacetabular impingement.

BACKGROUND: To describe the experience in the diagnostic process and treatment of patients with groin pain (GP) of neurological origin due to entrapment of the iliohypogastric (IH), ilioinguinal (IL) and genitofemoral (GF) nerves in a hip preservation clinic. METHODS: Retrospective study of patients with GP of neurological origin confirmed with ultrasound-guided nerve block. Clinical outcomes were reported in 21 cases (age, 53.3 ± 15.9 years) treated with conservative treatment from January to December 2019, and in 9 patients (age 43.7 ± 14.6 years) who underwent neurectomy from January 2015 to December 2019. Pain intensity was assessed with a numerical rating scale (NRS) before starting the diagnostic process (Day 0) and at the end of follow-up. RESULTS: All cases reported pain on groin palpation. Half of these cases also reported a positive FADIR test (flexion, adduction, internal rotation) (15/30). On day 0, the intensity of pain in cases treated with conservative treatment was severe in 19 patients (NRS 7-10) and moderate in 2 (NRS 4-6), with a median improvement of 7 points (interquartile range [IQR] 5.5-8.0) at the end of follow-up (p < 0.001). In neurectomy group, a similar improvement in pain severity was (Day 0: 9 points [IQR 8.0-9.0]; end of follow-up: 0 points [IQR: 0-2.0]; p = 0.002). At the end of the study, 17/21 patients with conservative treatment and 7/9 with neurectomy were pain free or with mild pain (NRS < 3). CONCLUSIONS: In cases with PG of neurological origin, there is a high frequency of false positives in the FADIR test. Our findings suggest that neurectomy is a treatment option for patients in whom conservative treatment fails, providing significant pain relief.

Relationship between Spinopelvic Parameters and Hip Function in Patients with Femoroacetabular Impingement at Diagnosis: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine correlation between the spinopelvic parameters in sitting and standing positions (sacral slope [SS], lumbar lordosis [LL], spinopelvic tilt [SPT], pelvic incidence [PI], and pelvic femoral angle [PFA]), with hip function assessed using the modified Harris hip scores (mHHs) in patients with symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) at diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 52 patients diagnosed with symptomatic FAI was conducted. Evaluation of the spinopelvic complex in terms of SS, LL, SPT, PI and PFA was performed using lateral radiographs of the pelvis and lumbosacral spine in standing and sitting positions. Assessment of hip function at diagnosis was performed using the mHHs. Calculation of spinopelvic mobility was based on the difference (Δ) between measurements performed in standing and sitting position. Results: The median time of pain evolution was 11 months (interquartile range [IQR], 5-24 months) with a median mHHs of 66.0 points (IQR, 46.0-73.0) at diagnosis. The mean change of LL, SS, SPT, and PFA was 20.9±11.2°, 14.2±8.6°, 15.5±9.0°, and 70.7±9.5°, respectively. No statistically significant correlation was observed between spinopelvic parameters and the mHHs (P>0.05). Conclusion: Radiological parameters of the spinopelvic complex did not show correlation with hip function at the time of diagnosis in patients with symptomatic FAI. Conduct of further studies will be required in the effort to understand the effect of the spinopelvic complex and its compensatory mechanics, primarily between the hip and spine, in patients with FAI before and after hip arthroscopy.

Functional Results of Arthroscopic Treatment in Patients With Femoroacetabular and Subspine Impingement Diagnosed With a 3-Dimensional Dynamic Study.

PURPOSE: To describe the functional results of arthroscopic treatment in patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and subspine impingement (SSI) evaluated with a 3-dimensional (3D) dynamic study. METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study of patients with a diagnosis of FAI and SSI, evaluated with a 3D dynamic computed tomography scan with Move Forward software, who underwent hip arthroscopy between February 2015 and December 2017. Measurements of the alpha angle, femoral anteversion, acetabular anteversion, lateral center-edge angle, and Tönnis angle were extracted from the 3D dynamic study. Functionality was evaluated using the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index before and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS: We analyzed 22 hips in 17 patients (9 female and 8 male patients) with an average age of 34.6 ± 14.3 years. Of the 22 hips, 15 had cam morphology, 6 had mixed morphology, and 1 had pincer morphology. Of the hips, 11 had a type I spine, 10 had type II, and 1 had type III. The average alpha angle, Tönnis angle, femoral anteversion, and acetabular anteversion were 61.9° ± 11.1°, 2.5° ± 6.4°, 8.8° ± 6.8°, and 15.1° ± 7.1°, respectively. The median lateral center-edge angle was 38.1° (interquartile range, 32.6°-43.5°). At 1-year follow-up, a decrease in the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score (P = .001) and an increase in the flexion angle (P < .001) were observed. No cases needed posterior surgical revision because of persistent pain. CONCLUSIONS: Arthroscopic treatment provides symptom relief and good functional results in patients with FAI and SSI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic case series.

Functional Outcomes of Arthroscopic Treatment in Femoroacetabular Impingement in Patients over 60 Years Old Compared with Patients Aged 40 Years or Younger.

Objective To evaluate the functional outcomes of patients diagnosed with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) older than 60 years, compared with those of patients of age 40 years or younger. Methods This was a retrospective review of patients with FAI who underwent hip arthroscopy between 2010 and 2015. The patients were adults aged over 60 years with Tönnis ≤ 1 matched in a 1:1 ratio with adults aged 40 years or younger, according to the type of deformity (cam, pincer, or mixed), sex, and the date when the surgery was performed. Results Thirty-four patients were included in each group. The mean age was 30.6 ± 6.9 years and 65.6 ± 4.6 years in the control and case groups, respectively. There were no significant differences between the groups at 1-year follow-up ( p > 0.05). In the group with older patients (case group), we observed a change in the total Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score from 46.3 to 22.0 in the 1 st postoperative year, while the control cases improved in the WOMAC score from 38.1 to 7.2 in relation to the preoperative stage. Conclusion In the group of patients ≤ 40 years old, a considerable change was observed in the WOMAC score without a statistical significance compared with the > 60 years group. This observation suggests that hip arthroscopy is beneficial when there is an appropriate selection of patients with FAI, regardless the age of the patient.

Intra-abdominal Fluid Extravasation: Is Endoscopic Deep Gluteal Space Exploration a Risk Factor?

BACKGROUND: The extravasation of fluid into the intra-abdominal space is recognized as a possible complication of hip arthroscopic surgery/endoscopy. The exposure of anatomic areas to elevated pump pressures and high volumes of irrigation fluid increases the risk of fluid leakage into anatomic spaces around the hip joint, especially to the abdomen and pelvis. PURPOSE: To estimate the incidence and risk factors related to intra-abdominal fluid extravasation (IAFE) after hip endoscopy or arthroscopic surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. METHODS: A prospective study was carried out between June 2017 and June 2018. A total of 106 hip procedures (endoscopy or arthroscopic surgery) performed for extra- or intra-articular abnormalities were included. Before and after surgery, in the operating room, ultrasound was performed by a trained anesthesiologist to detect IAFE. The hepatorenal (Morison pouch), splenorenal, retroaortic, suprapubic (longitudinal and transverse), and pleural spaces were examined. Patients were monitored for 3 hours after surgery to assess for abdominal pain. The data collected included maximum pump pressure, duration and volume of irrigation fluid (Ringer lactate), total surgical time, and traction time. RESULTS: The incidence of IAFE was 31.1% (33/106; 95% CI, 23.1%-40.5%). The frequency of IAFE was 52.9% (9/17) in cases with isolated extra-articular abnormalities and 15.9% (7/44) in cases with isolated femoroacetabular impingement; in cases with both extra- and intra-articular abnormalities, the frequency was 37.8% (17/45). An intervention in the subgluteal space was identified as a risk factor for IAFE (odds ratio, 3.62 [95% CI, 1.47-8.85]). There was no statistically significant difference between groups (with vs without IAFE) regarding total surgical time, maximum pump pressure, or fluid volume. Postoperative abdominal pain was found in 36.4% (n = 12) of cases with IAFE compared with 2.7% (n = 2) of cases without extravasation (P < .001). No patient with IAFE developed abdominal compartment syndrome. CONCLUSION: IAFE was a frequent finding after hip arthroscopic surgery/endoscopy in patients with extra-articular abnormalities. Exploration of the subgluteal space may increase the risk of IAFE. Pain and abdominal distension during the immediate postoperative period were early warning signs for IAFE. These results reinforce the need for careful intraoperative and postoperative monitoring by the surgeon and anesthesiologist to identify and avoid complications related to IAFE.

Metabolic and Hemodynamic Results and Early Complications in Simultaneous Bilateral versus Unilateral Hip Arthroscopy.

BACKGROUND: To compare the hemodynamic parameters-electrolyte concentration, D-dimer level, creatine phosphokinase level-and the incidence of early complications of simultaneous bilateral versus unilateral hip arthroscopy. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted on patients (> 18 years of age) undergoing unilateral or bilateral hip arthroscopy under the same anesthetic between 2013 and 2015. Patients were followed up for 30 days after surgery. In all cases, data were collected before, during, and after the surgical procedure. RESULTS: One hundred cases of hip arthroscopy (51 unilateral and 49 bilateral) were included in this study. There was a greater variation in systolic blood pressure and heart rate in the unilateral group. The sodium levels were higher in the bilateral group with an adjusted mean difference of 5.31 mmol/L (p < 0.001). During the first 24 hours after the procedure, the proportion of patients with an altered D-dimer of > 500 ng/mL was 85.7% in the bilateral group and 56.9% in the unilateral group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the groups (bilateral, 8.2%; unilateral, 9.8%; crude odds ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.24 to 2.92; p = 0.526). CONCLUSIONS: The variations of hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing hip arthroscopy remained within normal ranges. The findings of this study suggest that bilateral hip arthroscopy be selected according to the patient's condition, considering that the risk of complications and metabolic alterations in bilateral hip arthroplasty are similar to those in unilateral arthroscopy.

Tenosuspension of the Reflected Head of the Rectus Femoris in Hip Arthroscopy: Description of a Portal and a Surgical Maneuver.

Arthroscopy is a surgical technique useful in the treatment of intra- and extra-articular hip pathologies, including femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). In the arthroscopic treatment of pincer-type FAI, tendon interposition of the reflected head of the rectus femoris frequently hinders acetabular edge resection in the anterior-superior region (acetabuloplasty) and labrum repositioning, even causing tendon injury during the surgical procedure. Many surgeons do not give importance to the reflected head of the rectus femoris, and during the procedure they try to avoid it, giving 30° of flexion to the hip. However, this does not always prevent tendon injury caused by the instruments. Some surgeons even resect part of the tendon to improve visualization or to use it as a labral graft. The objective of this work is to describe a reproducible surgical maneuver that allows to perform the anterior-superior acetabular edge resection and chondrolabral union repair with less damage to the reflected head of the rectus femoris.

Hallazgos artroscópicos de la cadera en pacientes con indicación de osteotomía periacetabular / Arthroscopic findings of the hip in patients with indication of periacetabular osteotomy

Introducción La displasia de la cadera en desarrollo (DCD) produce cambios anatómicos que dan lugar a artrosis precoz. Dentro de los procedimientos quirúrgicos indicados, se encuentra la osteotomía periacetabular de Ganz, diseñada para mejorar la arquitectura de la cadera, que por sí sola, no mejora el daño del cartílago articular, además de posibles lesiones del labrum. El objetivo fue describir hallazgos artroscópicos encontrados en caderas con displasia e indicación de osteotomía periacetabular de Ganz. Materiales & Métodos Estudio observacional tipo serie de casos, basado en la revisión de los registros clínicos (descripción quirúrgica y video de la artroscopia) de todos los casos con diagnóstico de displasia de cadera e indicación de osteotomía periacetabular de Ganz, en quienes se realizó artroscopia antes de la osteotomía. Resultados La artroscopia de cadera demostró compromiso intra-articular en 76,9% de los casos estudiados (10 de 13). Seis casos tenían compromiso del cartílago articular en las zonas geográficas 2, 3 y 4, adicionalmente se observó compromiso de la unión condrolabral en seis casos y el daño a nivel del labrum, se detectó en 5 casos; con respecto al offset cabeza-cuello femoral, se encontró disminuido en 5 casos. En una de las caderas, se contraindicó la osteotomía periacetabular por el grado de compromiso del cartílago articular. Discusión La DCD es una condición clínica que predispone al daño de estructuras articulares con alta frecuencia, que pueden ser tratadas de forma artroscópica con el fin de evitar la persistencia de síntomas después de una osteotomía periacetabular o incluso contraindicarla.

Background Dysplasia of the hip in development (DHD) produces anatomical changes that cause premature arthrosis. Within the surgical procedures indicated, Ganz periacetabular osteotomy has been described. It is designed to improve the architecture of the hip that, by itself, does not improve the damage to the articular cartilage, as well as possible lessions of the labrum. The objective was to describe the arthroscopic findings found in hips with dysplasia and indication of Ganz periacetabular osteotomy. Method Case series type observational retrospective study based on the review of surgical descriptions and videos of all cases with diagnosis of hip dysplasia and indication of Ganz periacetabular osteotomy where arthroscopy of the hip was performed prior to the osteotomy. Results Hip arthroscopy showed intra-articular compromise of 76.9% of the cases studied (10 of 13). Six cases had compromise of the articular cartilage in the 2, 3 and 4 geographic zones. In addition, compromise of the chondrolabral joint was observed in 6 cases and damage at the labrum level was detected in 5 cases. In regard to the femoral head-neck offset, it was found to be reduced in 5 cases. In one of the cases periacetabular osteotomy was contraindicated due to the level of compromise of the articular cartilage. Conclusions DHD is a clinical condition that is very frequently predisposed to damage of the articular structures; they can be treated with arthroscopy with the aim of avoiding persistence of sypmtoms after a periacetabluar osteotomy or even contraindicating it.

Functional Outcomes of Arthroscopic Treatment in Femoroacetabular Impingement in Patients over 60 Years Old Compared with Patients Aged 40 Years or Younger / Resultados funcionais do tratamento artroscópico no impacto femoroacetabular em pacientes com mais de 60 anos em comparação com pacientes com 40 anos ou menos

Abstract Objective To evaluate the functional outcomes of patients diagnosed with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) older than 60 years, compared with those of patients of age 40 years or younger. Methods This was a retrospective review of patients with FAI who underwent hip arthroscopy between 2010 and 2015. The patients were adults aged over 60 years with Tönnis ≤ 1 matched in a 1:1 ratio with adults aged 40 years or younger, according to the type of deformity (cam, pincer, or mixed), sex, and the date when the surgery was performed. Results Thirty-four patients were included in each group. The mean age was 30.6 ± 6.9 years and 65.6 ± 4.6 years in the control and case groups, respectively. There were no significant differences between the groups at 1-year follow-up (p > 0.05). In the group with older patients (case group), we observed a change in the total Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score from 46.3 to 22.0 in the 1st postoperative year, while the control cases improved in the WOMAC score from 38.1 to 7.2 in relation to the preoperative stage. Conclusion In the group of patients ≤ 40 years old, a considerable change was observed in the WOMAC score without a statistical significance compared with the > 60 years group. This observation suggests that hip arthroscopy is beneficial when there is an appropriate selection of patients with FAI, regardless the age of the patient.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar os resultados funcionais de pacientes diagnosticados com impacto femoroacetabular (IFA) e com mais de 60 anos de idade em comparação aos resultados de pacientes com até 40 anos de idade. Métodos Esta é uma revisão retrospectiva de pacientes com IFA submetidos à artroscopia do quadril entre 2010 e 2015. Os pacientes eram adultos com mais de 60 anos de idade e Tönnis ≤ 1, alocados na proporção de 1:1 com adultos de até 40 anos de idade, de acordo com o tipo de deformidade (came, pincer, ou misto), sexo e data de realização da cirurgia. Resultados Trinta e quatro pacientes foram incluídos em cada grupo. A idade média foi de 30,6 ± 6,9 anos e 65,6 ± 4,6 anos nos grupos controle e de casos, respectivamente. Não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos no acompanhamento de 1 ano (p > 0.05). No primeiro ano após a cirurgia, a pontuação Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) passou de 46,3 para 22,0 no grupo de pacientes mais velhos (casos) e de 38,1 para 7,2 no grupo controle em comparação ao estágio pré-operatório. Conclusão O grupo de pacientes com até 40 anos de idade apresentou uma mudança considerável na pontuação WOMAC, mas sem significado estatístico em comparação ao grupo de pacientes acima de 60 anos. Essa observação sugere que a artroscopia do quadril é benéfica quando a seleção de pacientes com IFA é apropriada, independentemente da idade dos indivíduos.