RESUMO
Emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria encourages us to search for new molecules as an alternative treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiquorum sensing (anti-QS) and antibiofilm potential of Salvadora persica L. methanolic extracts to prevent the infections due to Staphylococcus as an alternate to antibiotics. The methanolic extracts of S. persica L. fruit, leaves and stems was assessed for their activity in inhibiting QS-depedent phenomenon such as violacein pigment production in Chromobacterium violaceum, swarming motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and biofilm formation in oral Staphylococcus strains on polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA). Methanolic fruit extract of S. persica L. showed a high degree of anti-biofilm formation on PMMA and on violacein inhibition with a percentage of reduction equal to 90% when MIC value (20 mg/ml) was used. 100 µg/ml of S. persica L. leaves exhibited inhibition in swarming motility of PAO1 at 29.17%. Because the methanolic extracts of S. persica L. demonstrated anti-QS and antibiofilm activity at very low concentrations, it could be further exploited for novel molecules to treat oral Staphylococcus infections.
Assuntos
Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Frutas/química , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Caules de Planta/química , Percepção de Quorum/efeitos dos fármacos , Salvadoraceae/química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Chromobacterium/efeitos dos fármacos , Indóis/metabolismo , Metanol , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Folhas de Planta/química , Polimetil Metacrilato , Polifenóis/química , Polifenóis/isolamento & purificação , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Poliestirenos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecções Estafilocócicas/prevenção & controle , Staphylococcus/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Staphylococcus/patogenicidade , IêmenRESUMO
In this study, anti-quorum sensing, and antioxidant activities, and chemical composition of Acer monspessulanum subsp. monspessulanum extracts were evaluated. Determination of the antioxidant activity was revealed by DPPH radical scavenging activity, the total phenolic content assay, and the ß-carotene/linoleic acid assay. The detection of phenolic compounds was determined using RP-HPLC. Anti-quorum sensing activity and violacein inhibition activity were determined using Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 and C. violaceum ATCC 112â472, respectively. The determination of anti-swarming activity was carried out with Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01. In DPPH and total phenolic content assays, the water extract exhibited good antioxidant activity. In the ß-carotene-linoleic acid assay, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts exhibited good lipid peroxidation inhibition activity, demonstrating 96.95 ± 0.03â% and 95.35 ± 0.00â% at 2.5 mg/mL concentrations, respectively. The predominant phenolic compounds of the extracts were determined as rutin, naringin, catechin hydrate, quercetin, and protocatechuic acid. Ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts were found to contain a high level of violacein inhibition and anti-quorum sensing activity. The ethanol extract also showed weak anti-swarming activity. In this first study that used Acer monspessulanum subsp. monspessulanum extracts, it was revealed that the water extract has antioxidant activity and the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts have anti-quorum sensing activity depending on the phenolic compounds that it contained.