Prediction of fatty acid composition of sunflower seeds by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy.

This study was performed in order to evaluate efficiency of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) for the determination of fatty acid composition ratio of sunflower seeds and to compare performance of calibration methods. Calibration equations were developed using modified partial least squares (MPLS) and partial least squares (PLS) regression methods. Ninety-three sunflower seed varieties were from test field of East Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute. In order to determine the reference fatty acid values needed to construct calibration in NIRS analysis, sunflower seed samples were analyzed by gas chromatography method. Coefficients of determination (R2) in calibration were developed using MPLS and PLS as follows: for palmitic acid 0.706-0.664, for stearic acid 0.615-0.654, for oleic acid 0.996-0.994, for linoleic acid 0.995-0.994, for arachidic acid 0.768-0.643, for linolenic acid 0.818-0.763, for behenic acid 0.891-0.776, for eicosapentaenoic 0.933-0.892, for unsaturated fatty acid 0.837-0.890 and for saturated fatty acid 0.837-0.890 respectively. The results showed that NIRS was a reliable technique that can be used as a tool for rapid pre-screening of fatty acid composition of sunflower seeds.

Periodontal treatment needs and prevalence of localized aggressive periodontitis in a young Turkish population.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) among students aged 13 to 19 years at public schools in Ankara. METHODS: A total of 3,056 students (1,563 females and 1,493 males) participated in the study. All students were examined at their schools and their mouths coded according to the recommendations of the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) using a mirror, a World Health Organization 621 ball-tip probe, and daylight for illumination. Among the students examined, 170 had two or more sextants or teeth with code 3 or one sextant with code 4 and were scheduled for radiographs and a full clinical examination. The additional criteria for the diagnosis of LAgP were good general health, radiographically determined bone loss around the first molars bilaterally, and the bone loss must be unproportionally extensive with respect to the low levels of plaque and calculus, contrary to what is usually observed in chronic periodontitis. RESULTS: Among the 3,056 students screened, 170 were scheduled for further examination, and 18 (10 females and eight males) were diagnosed with LAgP. Of 18,336 sextants examined, 6,575 required scaling, and 63 required scaling and further complex treatment. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of LAgP was 0.6%, with a female/male ratio of 1.25:1.

The use of a computerized tomography-based software program with a flapless surgical technique in implant dentistry: a case report.

Successful implant treatment includes osseointegration, as well as prosthetically optimal positions of the implants for esthetics and function. The aim of this study is to evaluate a patient that was treated with an implant-supported fixed prosthesis with the help of computer-assisted three-dimensional planning. A 52-year-old edentulous man underwent computerized tomographic (CT) scanning, and the cross sections were reformatted. The cross sections were used to construct a surgical guide. Eight ITI Straumann dental implants were placed using a series of supramucosal surgical stents. Following a 5-month healing period, the stability of the implants was confirmed with the use of an Osstell device. Because satisfactory stability was observed, implant-supported fixed partial dentures, incorporating 12 units in all, were made. After 6 months, a second CT evaluation was carried out and the positions of the implants were compared with the treatment planning data. The CT-based software program and surgical stents contributed to the success of this case.

Factors influencing SMEs CloudERP adoption: A test with generalized linear model and artificial neural network.

This article present data concerning the factors influencing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) intention to use/adopt CloudERP system in Jordan. Generalized Linear Modeling (GLM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modeling techniques in R version 1.0.136 were used to analyze data obtained from 394 SMEs. Computer self-efficacy, organizational support, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, facilitating conditions, security and relative advantage have significant influence on the intention to use/adoption CloudERP systems. The survey data-set is made publicly available to amplify further inquiry.

Graphite Tattoo on the Gingiva: A Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: Graphite tattoos may easily be confused with amalgam tattoos and have been reported on infrequently in relevant literature. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report in which the incineration method was used for the histopathologic diagnosis of a graphite tattoo on the gingiva. CASE PRESENTATION: A 24-year-old female patient was referred to the periodontology department of Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey, for evaluation of an asymptomatic pigmented lesion on the maxillary anterior gingiva. A gray-blackish, irregularly shaped macule was observed on the maxillary anterior attached gingiva between the left central and lateral incisors. Radiographs showed no radiopaque foreign particles or pathologic changes in alveolar bone and related teeth. The pigmented area was removed using an excisional incision. The incineration method was used as a differential diagnosis for the histopathologic examination. There was no additional recurrence of the problem by the end of a 1-year follow-up examination. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of pigmented lesions of the oral cavity and gingiva shows different variations. It is not always possible to distinguish a benign pigmented lesion from an early melanoma on the basis of clinical features alone. A biopsy is usually recommended for focal oral pigmented lesions that cannot be explained by local factors. The incineration method can be used for differential diagnosis between melanin and graphite tattoo accumulation because carbon can be eradicated with this method. However, the same cannot be said for melanin.

Iatrogenic trauma to oral tissues.

BACKGROUND: Iatrogenic trauma can be defined as any trauma that has been induced by the dentist's activity, manner, or therapy. The aim of this article is to present traumatic oral tissue lesions of iatrogenic origin. METHODS: Thirteen cases of chemical (due to ferric sulfate and formocresol), physical (due to orthodontic wires and appliances), and thermal (due to electrosurgery) injuries to the oral tissues are reported. RESULTS: Chemical, physical, and thermal injuries in the oral, gingival, or palatinal mucosa of iatrogenic origin can exhibit various clinical features. The management of traumatic injuries is dependent on the severity of the involvement in the periodontal tissues. While, in most cases, the elimination of the offending agent and symptomatic therapy were sufficient, in severe cases, or when the injury resulted in permanent defects, periodontal surgery and regenerative therapy may be necessary. CONCLUSIONS: The skill, experience, and up-to-date knowledge of dentists are the main factors to prevent possible iatrogenic traumas. Although "To err is human," careful practice is very important for the principle "Primum non nocere" ("First do no harm").

Alterations in location of the mucogingival junction 5 years after coronally repositioned flap surgery.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate whether the mucogingival junction (MGJ) reverts back towards its original location following coronally repositioned flap (CRF) procedure over a 5-year follow-up period. METHODS: Thirteen systemically healthy patients with 26 Miller Class I buccal gingival recessions were treated using the CRF technique. At baseline, and 1, 6, 12, and 60 months after surgery, location of gingival margin (LGM), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), width of keratinized gingiua (WKG), and location of mucogingival junction (LMGJ) were recorded. The alterations in the clinical measurements at the different evaluation times were analyzed using the Friedman and the repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests, where applicable. Degree of association between continuous variables was calculated by the Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The mean percentage of root coverage obtained at the end of 1 month was 68.26% +/- 30.37% (P<0.05) and at 60 months, it was reduced to 44.86% +/- 33.91% (P<0.01). LGM (r=0.592, P<0.001), CAL (r=0.590, P<0.01), WKG (r=0.442, P<0.05), and LMGJ (r=0.653, P<0.001) were found to be significantly correlated with the 60-month postoperative values of LMGJ. At the end of the 60-month follow-up period, the mean apical displacement of LGM was 0.67 +/- 0.72 mm and the same mean apical displacement value for LMGJ was 0.98 +/- 1.19 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of this study, the 60-month follow-up findings indicated that the CRF procedure failed to maintain the gingival tissue in a coronal position and that the observed movement of the MGJ back to its original position was partially dependent on the apical movement of gingival margin.

Relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health: A retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 251 patients among whom 177 were girls and 74 were boys, recruited from the records pool of the Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gazi, were included in the study. Patients' treatments have been completed by postgraduate students during the period between 2006 and 2012. Patients' folders were analyzed according to their age, treatment time, and the type of orthodontic treatment. Intra-oral photographs were analyzed, and the presence or absence of visible plaque, visible inflammation, and gingival recession were recorded, and incisor inclinations analyzed on lateral cephalometric films, before and after orthodontic treatment. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found in patients treated with functional appliances before and after treatment. In patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances, visible plaque, visible inflammation, and gingival recession showed significant increases after treatment, gingival biotype did not show any significant difference. Positive correlation was found between lower incisor position and gingival recession in patients treated with fixed appliance and extraction. And also cuspids were the teeth with the highest prevalence of gingival recession. CONCLUSION: Considering the relationship between orthodontic treatment and gingival health, cooperation among patients, orthodontists, and periodontists is important.

Shallow localized gingival recession defects treated with modified coronally repositioned flap technique: A case series.

OBJECTIVES: Various coronally repositioned flap (CRF) techniques have been proposed for coverage of gingival recession defects. Although CRF has several modifications all of them needs vertical or oblique external releasing incisions for treatment of localized gingival recession defects. The aim of present article was to evaluate the effectiveness of a modification of the new CRF procedure without any releasing incision for treatment of shallow localized gingival recession defects. CONCLUSION: Shallow localized gingival recession defects can be treated with modified coronally repositioned flap technique successfully.

Turkish dental students' and dentists' ability to assess gingival health status with DAAGS software.

The aim of this study was to compare the ability of final-year Turkish dental students and dentists to assess the level of gingival health status by using the Development of Ability to Assess Gingival Status (DAAGS) computer program. Forty-eight students in their final year of dental education and 240 dentists participated in DAAGS tests in which they judged twenty-four photos. The participants were organized into one group of students and five groups of dentists: those who graduated in the last five years, in the last six to ten years, in the last eleven to fifteen years, in the last sixteen to twenty years, and twenty and/or more years ago. A gold standard of each photo was shown to participants after they completed test 1; then, test 2 was conducted immediately. Participants were asked to evaluate the DAAGS by written survey. There were significant differences between the parameters of two tests for all groups. Significance levels differed for each group and both tests considering correct answers, reproducibility, irrelevant answers, and overall ability. The findings from this study indicated that the DAAGS software is easier for more recently graduated dentists to use.