RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Consumption of plant-derived nutraceuticals and crude drugs in traditional medicine is widely believed to confer beneficial effects in thwarting the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Rhus tripartita (family Anacardiaceae) has been traditionally used to treat a wide range of ailments. METHODS: In the present study we investigated the protective effects of an alcoholic extract of the stem part of Rhus tripartita male genotype (RTSM) on experimentally induced myocardial injury in rats. To this end, cardiac injury was induced by administration of isoproterenol (ISO) and serum enzyme markers, lipid profiles and cardiac tissue redox status were determined following RTSM treatment (250 and 500 mg/kg). RESULTS: As a result, RTSM treatment significantly mitigated ISO-triggered upregulation of cardiac-specific markers of injury creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. RTSM treatment significantly attenuated ISO-induced increase in serum cholesterol and triglycerides as well alterations in serum lipoproteins. Determination of oxidative balance showed that RTSM treatment significantly blunted ISO-induced increase in malondialdehyde and decrease in nonprotein sulfhydryl in cardiac tissue. Six compounds were isolated and identified as gallocatechin 1, taxifolin 2, myricetin-3-O-ß-glucoside 3, catechin 4, epicatechin 5, and 3',8-binaringenin 6. Compound 6 was isolated for the first time from the stem part of Rhus tripartita. Furthermore, RTSM treatment enhanced the survival fraction of cardiac cells exposed to oxidative stress in vitro. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the antioxidant properties of RTSM treatment underpin its cardioprotective pharmacological effects, thus, providing biological evidence for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases using Rhus tripartita in indigenous medicine.
Assuntos
Isoproterenol/toxicidade , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Substâncias Protetoras/farmacologia , Rhus/química , Animais , Doenças Cardiovasculares/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Cardiovasculares/patologia , Linhagem Celular , Coração/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Miocárdio/patologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Substâncias Protetoras/química , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
The present investigation was designed to investigate the protective effect of (Beta vulgaris L.) beat root ethanolic extract (BVEE) on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity and to elucidate the potential mechanism. Serum specific kidney function parameters (urea, uric acid, total protein, creatinine, and histopathology of kidney tissue) were evaluated to access gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. The oxidative/nitrosative stress (Lipid peroxidation, MDA, NP-SH, Catalase, and nitric oxide levels) was assessed. The inflammatory response (TNF-α, IL-6, MPO, NF-κB (p65), and NF-κB (p65) DNA binding) and apoptotic marker (Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2) were also evaluated. BVEE (250 and 500 mg/kg) treatment along with gentamicin restored/increased the renal endogenous antioxidant status. Gentamicin-induced increased renal inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), nuclear protein expression of NF-κB (p65), NF-κB-DNA binding activity, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and nitric oxide level were significantly down regulated upon BVEE treatment. In addition, BVEE treatment significantly reduced the amount of cleaved caspase 3 and Bax, protein expression and increased the Bcl-2 protein expression. BVEE treatment also ameliorated the extent of histologic injury and reduced inflammatory infiltration in renal tubules. These findings suggest that BVEE treatment attenuates renal dysfunction and structural damage through the reduction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the kidney.
Assuntos
Beta vulgaris , Nefropatias/tratamento farmacológico , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Mundo Árabe , Catalase/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Gentamicinas/toxicidade , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Nefropatias/metabolismo , Nefropatias/patologia , Masculino , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Medicina Tradicional , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Venous (cavernous) malformations are commonly seen in the upper limb. Almost all venous malformations are congenital. They may be sporadic, familial, or syndromic. Late-onset, multiple venous malformations confined to the upper limb are rare. Lesions present after puberty. All previously reported cases were located subcutaneously and were small in size. The condition is non-hereditary and non-syndromic. We present a unique series of eight patients with this rare condition. Unique features included the presence of large malformations (up to 20 cm in diameter) and the presence of subfascial lesions causing nerve compression. Surgical excision was curative. Mutational analysis in one patient identified a novel somatic MAP3K3 gene mutation (c.1723T > C, p.Tyr 575 His) in the affected veins. The encoded MAP3K3 protein is known to accelerate the RAS pathway of cellular proliferation.Level of evidence: IV.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas , MAP Quinase Quinase Quinase 3/genética , Malformações Vasculares , Humanos , Mutação , Extremidade Superior , Malformações Vasculares/genética , VeiasRESUMO
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is reported virtually in every anatomic location of the body, but most cases are commonly identified in the mesentery and omentum. The etiology of this tumor is unclear with many suggestions of viral, inflammatory, or oncogenic mutational factors that establish it as a clonal neoplasm. Clinical and laboratory workup, including roentgenography, is not usually helpful to reach a pre- or intraoperative diagnosis. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of the resected specimen provides a definitive answer by the exclusion of a close clinical differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor and many lookalikes. Complete surgical excision with clear margins is the mainstay of treatment. Rare cases have been seen involving the appendix. To the best of our knowledge, only 11 confirmed cases of purely appendiceal IMT have been published in the literature to date.
RESUMO
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) formerly called Wegener's granulomatosis is a chronic necrotizing granulomatous inflammatory disease with systemic vasculitis involving the upper and lower respiratory tract, and kidneys. The typical histopathology is that of necrotizing granulomatous inflammation with palisading histiocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes. We report a case of a 57-year-old lady presenting with left eye swelling, left ear pain and discharge, but with no pulmonary or renal symptoms. Investigations revealed positive cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and proteinase 3 antibodies. The CT and MRI showed meningeal thickening and bilateral structural changes of the orbits and mastoids. Lacrimal gland biopsy showed non necrotizing granulation with an eosinophilic infiltration. She was diagnosed with eosinophilic variant of GPA of the eyes and mastoid bones bilaterally extending to dura and sparing the lungs and kidneys. She responded to corticosteroids and rituximab.
Assuntos
Eosinofilia/complicações , Granulomatose com Poliangiite/diagnóstico por imagem , Processo Mastoide/patologia , Órbita/patologia , Feminino , Granulomatose com Poliangiite/complicações , Granulomatose com Poliangiite/patologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Ajwa, a special variety of Saudi Arabian dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a rich source of nutrients, fibers and bioactive molecules. While previous studies have shown the therapeutic value of dates phytoconstituents in liver and kidney diseases etc., its cardioprotective potential remains elusive. We therefore, investigated the cardioprotective effect of lyophilized Ajwa extract (AJLE) ex vivo as well as in vivo. METHODS: Ex vivo cardioprotective effect of AJLE was evaluated on DCFH-toxicated cardiomyoblast cells (H9C2). In vivo hemodynamics, cardiac function, serum cardiac enzymes, myocardial antioxidant, inflammatory and apoptotic biomarkers as well as histopathological parameters were studied in IPS-injured Wistar rat heart tissues. RESULTS: AJLE (250 µg/ml) attenuated the cytotoxicity and enhanced the H9C2 proliferation by up to 40%. Oral administration of AJLE (250 and 500 mg/kg.bw) prevented the depletion of endogenous antioxidants (CAT, SOD, NP-SH and NO) and myocyte injury marker enzymes, and inhibited lipid peroxidation (MDA, MPO). Moreover, AJLE downregulated the expressions of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-10 and TNFα) and apoptotic markers (caspase-3 and Bax), and upregulated the anti-apototic protein Bcl2. Histological data showed that AJLE pretreatment reduced myonecrosis, edema, and infiltration of inflammatory cells and restored the cardiomyocytes architecture. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our data revealed that AJLE had strong antioxidant, hypolipidimic, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic potential against myocardial damage. This further endorses the use of Ajwa in Arabian traditional medicine against cardiovascular diseases.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Cardiomiopatias/induzido quimicamente , Cardiomiopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Isoproterenol/efeitos adversos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Cardiotônicos/farmacologia , Cardiotônicos/uso terapêutico , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Frutas/química , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional , Modelos Animais , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Phoeniceae/química , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Arábia SauditaRESUMO
Liver disease is a worldwide problem. It represents one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in humans. Achillea biebersteinii is used as herbal remedy for various ailments including liver diseases. But the scientific basis for its medicinal use remains unknown. Thus, this research was undertaken to evaluate the efficiency of A. biebersteinii essential oil (ABEO) (0.2 mL/kg) in the amelioration of CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rodent model. Moreover, the chemical content of the oil was investigated using GC and GC-MS. The following biochemical parameters were evaluated: serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (γ-GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin. Furthermore, lipid profile, malondialdehyde (MDA), nonprotein sulfhydryl (NP-SH), and total protein (TP) contents in liver tissue were estimated. 44 components (92.0%) of the total oil have been identified by GC-MS analysis where α-terpinene and p-cymene were the most abundant. The high serum enzymatic (GOT, GPT, GGT, and ALP) and bilirubin concentrations as well as the level of MDA, NP-SH, and TP contents in liver tissues were significantly reinstated towards normalization by the ABEO. Histopathological study further confirmed these findings. In addition, ABEO showed mild antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ß-carotene-linoleic acid assays.
RESUMO
The ulcer protective potential of an ethanol extract of Commiphora opobalsamum (L.) Engl. (Burseraceae) 'Balessan' was assessed against different acute gastric ulcer models in rats induced by necrotizing agents (80% ethanol, 0.2M NaOH and 25% NaCl), hypothermic restraint stress, pyloric ligation (Shay) and indomethacin. Balessan, 250 and 500 mg/kg administered orally (intraperitoneally in Shay rat model) showed a dose-dependent ulcer protective effects in all the above ulcer models. Besides, the extract offered protection against ethanol-induced depletion of stomach wall mucus and reduction in nonprotein sulfhydryl (NP-SH) concentration. Ethanol treatment also caused histopathological lesions of the stomach wall. Pretreatment with Balessan extract provided a complete protection of gastric mucosa through supporting both the offensive and defensive factors. Balessan extract was also showed a large margin of safety without any apparent adverse effects in rats.
Assuntos
Antiulcerosos/uso terapêutico , Commiphora , Mucosa Gástrica/efeitos dos fármacos , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamento farmacológico , Análise de Variância , Animais , Antiulcerosos/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Masculino , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Úlcera Gástrica/prevenção & controleRESUMO
Background. Liver diseases still represent a major health burden worldwide. Moreover, medicinal plants have gained popularity in the treatment of several diseases including liver. Thus, the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Piper cubeba fruits in the amelioration of CCl4-induced liver injuries and oxidative damage in the rodent model. Methods. Hepatoprotective activity was assessed using various biochemical parameters like SGOT, SGPT, γ-GGT, ALP, total bilirubin, LDH, and total protein. Meanwhile, in vivo antioxidant activities as LPO, NP-SH, and CAT were measured in rat liver as well as mRNA expression of cytokines such as TNFα, IL-6, and IL-10 and stress related genes iNOS and HO-1 were determined by RT-PCR. The extent of liver damage was also analyzed through histopathological observations. Results. Treatment with PCEE significantly and dose dependently prevented drug induced increase in serum levels of hepatic enzymes. Furthermore, PCEE significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation in the liver tissue and restored activities of defense antioxidant enzymes NP-SH and CAT towards normal levels. The administration of PCEE significantly downregulated the CCl4-induced proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6 mRNA expression in dose dependent manner, while it upregulated the IL-10 and induced hepatoprotective effect by downregulating mRNA expression of iNOS and HO-1 gene.
Assuntos
Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/tratamento farmacológico , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/metabolismo , Lignanas/farmacologia , Lignanas/uso terapêutico , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Compostos de Bifenilo/metabolismo , Tetracloreto de Carbono , Catalase/metabolismo , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/patologia , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Etanol , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacologia , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Compostos Fitoquímicos/farmacologia , Picratos/metabolismo , Piper , Substâncias Protetoras/farmacologia , Substâncias Protetoras/uso terapêutico , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Ratos Wistar , Compostos de Sulfidrila/metabolismoRESUMO
The present study investigated the hepatoprotective and anti-HBV efficacy of Acacia mellifera (AM) leaves extracts. The crude ethanolic-extract, including organic and aqueous fractions, were tested for cytotoxicity on HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells (IC50=684 µg/mL). Of these, the ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions showed the most promising, dose-dependent hepatoprotection in DCFH-toxicated cells at 48 h. In CCl4-injured rats, oral administration of AM ethanol extract (250 and 500 mg/kg·bw) for three weeks significantly normalized the sera aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoprotein levels and elevated tissue nonprotein sulphydryl and total protein. The histopathology of dissected livers also revealed that AM cured the tissue lesions. The phytochemical screening of the fractions showed presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and saponins. Further, anti-HBV potential of the fractions was evaluated on HepG2.2.15 cells. Of these, the n-butanol and aqueous fractions exhibited the best inhibitory effects on HBsAg and HBeAg expressions in dose- and time-dependent manner. Taken together, while the ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions exhibited the most promising antioxidant/hepatoprotective and anti-HBV activity, respectively, the n-butanol partition showed both activities. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of AM extracts warrants further isolation of the active principle(s) and its phytochemical as well as biological studies.
Assuntos
Acacia/química , Antioxidantes/administração & dosagem , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/tratamento farmacológico , Vírus da Hepatite B/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Animais , Antioxidantes/química , Antivirais/administração & dosagem , Antivirais/química , Tetracloreto de Carbono/toxicidade , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/genética , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Folhas de Planta/química , Ratos , Saponinas/química , Saponinas/isolamento & purificação , Taninos/química , Taninos/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Antioxidant natural products and chemoprevention are considered nowadays as an effective approach against health various disorders and diseases induced by oxidative stress or free radicals. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the hepato- and nephroprotective activity of a standardized red vine leaf aqueous extract AS195 (Antistax(®)). METHODS: The protective activity of AS195 (100 mg/kg) was investigated on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-intoxicated rats in comparison with silymarin. The flavonoid/proanthocyanidin nature of AS195 was identified by phytochemical and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses, while its total phenol/proanthocyanidin/flavonoid content and antioxidant activity were determined by Folin-Ciocalteau, vanillin-sulfuric acid, AlCl3, and 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assays, respectively. RESULTS: Relative to the control CCl4 -intoxicated group, pretreatment with AS195 could significantly suppressed the elevated serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, bilirubin, creatinine, uric acid, and calcium, whereas it significantly increased the diminished serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, albumin and total protein. Moreover, AS195 significantly decreased malondialdehyde formation in the tissues of liver and kidney, whereas it significantly elevated and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups, compared with the intoxicated control. The improvement in biochemical parameters by AS195 was obviously observed and further confirmed by restoration of normal histological features in the two organs. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study revealed the capacity of AS195 to enhance the recovery from xenobiotic-induced hepatorenal toxicity initiated by free radicals.
RESUMO
A hydroacetone extract was prepared from seeds of Phoenix dactylifera L. var. Khalas, which is an industrial by-product of date processing. The proanthocyanidin nature of the extract (coded as DTX) was characterized by phytochemical and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. The total phenol/proanthocyanidin content and antioxidant activity of DTX were estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu, vanillin-sulfuric acid, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, respectively. The hepatorenal protective activity of DTX was evaluated using CCl4-induced toxicity model in rats, in comparison with silymarin (SYL). Results of the histopathological examination and measurements of various hepatorenal serum indices and tissue biochemical markers demonstrated that DTX displayed marked protective potential against CCl4-induced liver and kidney injury at 100 mg/kg/rat. Relative to the control CCl4-intoxicated group, pretreatment with DTX significantly (P<.001) suppressed the elevated serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT and AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), bilirubin, creatinine, and calcium, whereas it significantly (P<.001) increased the diminished serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and total protein (TP). Moreover, DTX significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and increased TP synthesis in hepatorenal tissues compared with the intoxicated control. The improvement in biochemical parameters by DTX was observed in a dose-dependent manner and confirmed by restoration of normal histological features. The acute toxicity test of DTX in rats revealed safety of the extract. This study reveals that DTX enhances the recovery from xenobiotics-induced toxicity initiated by free radicals.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/tratamento farmacológico , Nefropatias/tratamento farmacológico , Phoeniceae/química , Fitoterapia , Proantocianidinas/uso terapêutico , Sementes/química , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Compostos de Bifenilo/metabolismo , Tetracloreto de Carbono , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/sangue , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/patologia , Nefropatias/sangue , Nefropatias/induzido quimicamente , Nefropatias/patologia , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Fenóis/farmacologia , Fenóis/uso terapêutico , Picratos/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Proantocianidinas/farmacologia , Ratos WistarRESUMO
An ethanolic extract of Parsley, Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nym.ex A.W. Hill (Umbelliferae), was tested for its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and to protect gastric mucosa against the injuries caused by pyloric ligation, hypothermic restraint stress, indomethacin and cytodestructive agents (80% ethanol, 0.2 M NaOH and 25% NaCl) in rats. The extract in doses of 1 and 2 g/kg body weight had a significant antiulcerogenic activity on the models used. Besides, ethanol-induced depleted gastric wall mucus and non-protein sulfhydryl contents were replenished by pretreatment with Parsley extract. Acute toxicity tests showed a large margin of safety for the extract. The phytochemical screening of Parsley leaves revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, sterols and/or triterpenes.
Assuntos
Antiulcerosos/farmacologia , Mucosa Gástrica/efeitos dos fármacos , Petroselinum , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Antiulcerosos/uso terapêutico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Etanol/administração & dosagem , Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Ácido Clorídrico/administração & dosagem , Hipotermia Induzida , Indometacina/administração & dosagem , Petroselinum/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Piloro/lesões , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Hidróxido de Sódio/administração & dosagem , Úlcera Gástrica/induzido quimicamente , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Retiform hemangioendothelioma (RH) is a distinct entity in the spectrum of vascular tumors with a high local recurrence rate. It is considered a low-grade, well-differentiated cutaneous angiosarcoma with low metastatic potential. We report here for the first time a case of medial canthus recurrent RH. It may be helpful in our practice to include RH as a differential diagnosis of eyelid lesions. It is noteworthy that the progressive course and recurrence tendency of RH might be misdiagnosed as angiosarcoma or basal cell carcinoma (BCC), if not expected and carefully evaluated by the pathologist.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Palpebrais/diagnóstico , Hemangioendotelioma/diagnóstico , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Oftalmológicos/métodos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Transplante de Pele , Criança , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Neoplasias Palpebrais/cirurgia , Feminino , Hemangioendotelioma/cirurgia , HumanosRESUMO
Citrus medica L. commonly known as Otroj, is an important medicinal plant reputed for its nutritious and therapeutic uses. The present work was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of the ethanolic extract of otroj (EEOT) against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. In addition, the antioxidant activity and the phenolic and flavonoidal contents were determined. Rats were administered EETO (250 and 500 mg/kg) or vehicle orally for 15 days along with ISO (85 mg/kg, s.c.) on the 14th and 15th day. ISO induced cardiac dysfunction, increased lipid peroxidation and alteration of myocyte-injury specific marker enzymes. ISO also showed an increase in levels of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), LDL-C, and VLDL-C. Moreover, the histological investigations showed myocardial necrosis and inflammation. EETO treatment brought the above parameters towards normal level. Moreover, in vitro DPPH radical scavenging and ß-carotene-linoleic acid tests of the EEOT exhibited a notable antioxidant activity in both assays used. In addition, histopathological examination reconfirmed the protective effects of EEOT. Thus, the present study reveals that C. medica alleviates myocardial damage in ISO-induced cardiac injury and demonstrates cardioprotective potential which could be attributed to its potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Cardiomiopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Citrus/química , Miocárdio/patologia , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Fitoterapia , Taquicardia/prevenção & controle , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Compostos de Bifenilo/metabolismo , Cardiomiopatias/induzido quimicamente , Cardiomiopatias/patologia , Feminino , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Flavonoides/uso terapêutico , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Isoproterenol , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Lipídeos/sangue , Masculino , Necrose , Fenóis/farmacologia , Fenóis/uso terapêutico , Picratos/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
The present study was undertaken to investigate the possible protective effect of Saudi Sidr honey (SSH) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced oxidative stress and liver and kidney damage in rat. Moreover, the antioxidant activity and the phenolic and flavonoidal contents were determined. The hepatorenal protective activity of the SSH was determined by assessing biochemical, hematological, and histological parameters. Serum transaminases, ALP, GGT, creatinine, bilirubin urea, uric acid, and MDA level in liver and kidney tissues were significantly elevated, and the antioxidant status of nonprotein sulfhydryls, albumin, and total protein levels in liver and kidney were declined significantly in CCl4 alone treated animals. Pretreatment with SSH and silymarin prior to the administration of CCl4 significantly prevented the increase of the serum levels of enzyme markers and reduced oxidative stress. SSH also exhibited a significant lipid-lowering effect and caused an HDL-C enhanced level in serum. The histopathological evaluation of the liver and kidney also revealed that honey protected incidence of both liver and kidney lesions. Moreover, SSH showed a strong antioxidant activity in DPPH and ß -carotene-linoleic acid assays. SSH was found to contain phenolic compounds. Additionally, the SSH supplementation restored the hepatocytes viability against 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) toxicity in ex vivo test.
RESUMO
In the present study, in vitro antioxidant, antioxidative stress and hepatoprotective activity of Moringa oleifera Lam. seed oil (Ben oil; BO) was evaluated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4) ) induced lipid peroxidation and hepatic damage in rats. The oil at 0.2 and 0.4 mL/rat was administered orally for 21 consecutive days. The substantially elevated serum enzymatic (GOT, GPT, ALP, GGT) and bilirubin levels were significantly restored towards normalization by the oil. There was a significant elevation in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), non-protein sulfhydryl (NP-SH), and total protein (TP) contents in the liver tissue. The results obtained indicated that BO possesses potent hepatoprotective action against CCl(4) -induced hepatic damage by lowering liver marker enzymes, MDA concentration, and elevating NP-SH and TP levels in liver tissue. The biochemical observations were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver. The results of this study showed that treatment with Ben oil or silymarin (as a reference) appears to enhance the recovery from hepatic damage induced by CCl(4) . The pentobarbital induced narcolepsy prolongation in mice was retarded by the Ben oil. Acute toxicity test in mice showed no morbidity or mortality. In vitro DPPH radical scavenging and ß-carotene-linolic acid assay tests of the BO exhibited a moderate antioxidant activity in both tests used. The possible mechanism(s) of the liver protective activity of Ben oil activity may be due to free radical scavenging potential caused by the presence of antioxidant component(s) in the oil. Consequently, BO can be used as a therapeutic regime in treatment of some hepatic disorders.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/tratamento farmacológico , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Moringa oleifera/química , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Sementes/química , Animais , Bilirrubina/sangue , Compostos de Bifenilo/farmacologia , Intoxicação por Tetracloreto de Carbono/patologia , Intoxicação por Tetracloreto de Carbono/prevenção & controle , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/patologia , Feminino , Ácido Linoleico/análise , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Malondialdeído/sangue , Camundongos , Picratos/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Silimarina/farmacologia , beta Caroteno/análiseRESUMO
The ethanol extract of Grewia tenax (GTE) fruit was tested for possible efficacy against carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) induced liver toxicity in Wistar albino rats. GTE at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg were administered orally to CCl(4)-treated rats. Acute toxicity test and sleeping time determination were done with mice. The results showed that oral administration of GTE for 3 wk to rats significantly reduced the CCl(4)-induced elevated levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, very low density lipoproteins, and triglycerides. Moreover, it was found that the treatment with GTE significantly elevated the hemoglobin level in serum and increased the nonprotein sulfhydryl and total protein contents in the liver tissue, and a significant diminution was observed in the CCl(4)-induced elevated levels of malondialdehyde in the liver tissue. The biochemical findings were supported by an evaluation with liver histopathology. Pentobarbital-induced prolongation of narcolepsy in mice was shortened significantly by the extract. The observed hepatoprotective effect is believed to occur due to antioxidant properties of the contents of G. tenax extract, which may provide a new drug to be used for fighting liver diseases and it validates its folkloric use in anemic and other conditions.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Tetracloreto de Carbono/toxicidade , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/patologia , Grewia/química , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Alanina Transaminase/sangue , Fosfatase Alcalina/sangue , Animais , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Bilirrubina/sangue , Lipoproteínas HDL/sangue , Lipoproteínas LDL/sangue , Fígado/patologia , Malondialdeído/análise , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Camundongos , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Testes de Toxicidade Aguda , Triglicerídeos/sangue , gama-Glutamilciclotransferase/sangueRESUMO
Hidradenoma is a benign adnexal neoplasm originating from the apocrine sweat gland, and is almost exclusively detectable in the skin of the anogenital area of middle-aged white females after puberty. Ectopic hidradenoma papilliferum, which involves the skin away from the anogenital region, is exceedingly rare, and can also affect males. We report a female patient with a lesion (dating back to childhood) close to the medial end of the left eyebrow and overriding the anterior medial part of superior orbital rim. The lesion was completely excised and had not reoccurred during over four years of follow-up.
RESUMO
AIM: To validate gastric anti-ulcer properties of Rocket "Eruca sativa" on experimentally-induced gastric secretion and ulceration in albino rats. METHODS: Gastric acid secretion studies were undertaken using pylorus-ligated rats. Gastric lesions in the rats were induced by noxious chemicals including ethanol, strong alkalis, indomethacin and hypothermic restraint stress. The levels of gastric wall mucus (GWM), nonprotein sulfhydryls (NP-SH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were also measured in the glandular stomach of rats following ethanol administration. The gastric tissue was also examined histologically. The extract was used in two doses (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) in all experiments. RESULTS: In pylorus-ligated Shay rats, the ethanolic extract of Rocket "Eruca sativa L." (EER) significantly and dose-dependently reduced the basal gastric acid secretion, titratable acidity and ruminal ulceration. Rocket extract significantly attenuated gastric ulceration induced by necrotizing agents (80% ethanol, 0.2 mol/L NaOH, 25% NaCl), indomethacin and hypothermic restraint stress. The anti-ulcer effect was further confirmed histologically. On the other hand, the extract significantly replenished GWM and NP-SH levels, as well as the MDA level significantly reduced by extract pretreatment. CONCLUSION: Rocket extract possesses anti-secretory, cytoprotective, and anti-ulcer activities against experimentally-induced gastric lesions. The anti-ulcer effect is possibly through prostaglandin-mediated activity and/or through its anti-secretory and antioxidant properties.