RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Rh isoimmunization still contributes to the neonatal morbidity and mortality due to non-immunization, under-immunization, and in rare cases, false Rh typing. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Rh incompatibility, mothers' knowledge about Rh incompatibility, mothers' knowledge about anti-D immunoglobulin and to show the pregnancy outcome of Rh negative mothers. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Maternity and Children Hospital in Arar city from November 2016 to May 2017. All pregnant mothers attending the Maternity and Children Hospital for pregnancy follow up or delivery, during the study period were studied. Data were collected by means of personal interview with the sampled population using a researcher-made questionnaire covering the needed data. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16, using descriptive statistics and Chi-Square test. RESULTS: Of the studied mothers, 23% were Rh negative. Only 38% of the studied mothers had knowledge about Rh incompatibility, 68.5% had knowledge about anti-D and 51% had knowledge about time of administration of anti D. Considering pregnancy outcome; 55% of the delivered babies needed incubation after delivery, 23.3% of those babies were born to Rh negative mothers. However, 6.7% of the incubated children died after incubation (47.8% of them belong to Rh negative mothers). CONCLUSION: About a quarter of the mothers in the studied population were Rh negative. Mothers had a low level of knowledge about Rh incompatibility and anti-D immunoglobulin and its administration. Health education sittings are needed to increase public awareness about this important issue.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Senile prostatic enlargement due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common problem among older men, and is responsible for considerable disability. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and determinants of the clinically diagnosed prostatic enlargement among elderly men in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out on all consented elderly males attending the outpatient clinic of the urology department of Arar Central Hospital from February 2017 to July 30, 2017. Each participant underwent a general examination and digital per rectal to detect general chronic diseases, obesity and prostatic enlargement. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16, using descriptive statistics and Chi-squared test. RESULTS: Among 81 elderly male participants in the study, 19.8% had clinically diagnosed senile prostatic enlargement (SPE) and 3.7% had prostatic tumors. There was significant relation between SPE and age as 6.2% of cases were 60-69 years, 43.8% were 70-79 years and 44.0% were 80 years or more (p<0.05). There was also significant relation between SPE and obesity as 62.5% of cases were obese and 37.5% were non obese (p<0.05). There was no significant relation with marital status, smoking or diabetes mellitus (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Senile prostatic enlargement is one of the significant important issues in public health in Arar city, Northern Saudi Arabia. The prevalence of this condition reaches 19.3%, thereby placing even greater burden on the quality of life of the elderly and on the health system in the region.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: During the recent decade, several studies about prevalence of symptom-based GERD have revealed increase of its prevalence. In addition to the highly disturbing typical symptoms, it has a series of known consequences and may affect the quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) as well as their main characteristics and risk factors among the population of Arar City, Northern Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 302 individuals from population of Arar city from October 01, 2016 to May 30, 2017, using a researcher made questionnaire and checklist. The questionnaire was administrated in online method. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22, using descriptive statistics and Chi-Square test. RESULTS: total prevalence of GERD among the studied respondents was 61.8%. In 11.8% there was severe pain. Further, 61.8% reported loss of appetite as an associated condition, 57% reported nausea and vomiting, 55.9% indigestion, 55.4% food regurgitation, 41.4% chest pain and 35.5% headache. The main found risk factors were fatty meals in 84.9% followed by coffee drinking in 77.4%, stress in 71%, spicy food in 58.1% NSAD in 24.7% and smoking in 17.2%. There were no significant effect of sex, age, educational level, marital status or occupational status in the occurrence of GERD (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: This is the first population-based study in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia, reporting prevalence of GERD. The rate of 61.8% was substantially high. Coffee drinking, stress, spicy food, prolonged use of NSAID, fatty meals and smoking were the reported risk factors. Population-based endoscopic studies are recommended.