Microwave assisted henna organic dyeing of polyester fabric: a green, economical and energy proficient substitute.

The proposed work, aims to provide a "green" and cutting-edge technique for the mordanting and dyeing of polyester fabric with natural henna dye using the advanced technology of micro waves. For providing a complete "green" and ecofriendly dyeing process, lemon was used as a natural bio mordant with micro waves and results were compared with conventional mordanting method followed by the natural henna dyeing of polyester fabric with microwave. Color properties were analyzed in detail. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), WIDE ANGLE X-RAY DIFFRACTION (WAXD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (ATR-FTIR) studies provide the details of surface and structural changes induced by microwave lemon mordanting and henna dyeing of polyester. Microwave technique clearly reduced the mordanting and dyeing time upto 60-65% with improved fixation and color characteristics.

Antibacterial property and characterization of cotton fabric treated with chitosan/AgCl-TiO2 colloid.

The antibacterial activity of cotton fabric was studied by using chitosan/AgCl-TiO2 colloid. Different blend ratios of chitosan to AgCl-TiO2 colloid were used to investigate the efficacy of antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive) and Escherichia coli (gram negative) and its effect on physical properties of cotton fabric. Our study shows that the combination of chitosan with AgCl-TiO2 colloid produced better antibacterial activity than the fabric treated without chitosan; 100% bacterial reduction against S. aureus and E. coli obtained with chitosan/AgCl-TiO2 colloid at concentrations of 4 g/L and 10 g/L respectively. Moreover, the treated cotton indicates improved tensile strength and wrinkle recovery angle (WRA). Increasing chitosan concentration slightly affected the fabric stiffness and whiteness. The treated cotton fabrics were further characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and wide angle X-ray (WAXD). We can expect a direct industrial application of our proposed work because it is simple one go pad-dry-cure method and the low cost commercial grades of chitosan and AgCl-TiO2 are conveniently available in the market.