Idiopathic Hypertrophic Cranial Pachymeningitis Associated With Intermediate Uveitis.

The authors report a case with idiopathic hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis associated with intermediate uveitis. The patient complained of decreased vision in both eyes, especially the right. Ophthalmic examination revealed right optic disc pallor, bilateral vitritis, and cystoid macular edema. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed marked enhancement of a dural lesion. The macular edema responded well to medical treatment. Intermediate uveitis has not yet been reported in the context of idiopathic hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis.

The prevalence of anisometropia aniso-astigmatism and amblyopia in neurofibromatosis type 1.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to document the prevalence of anisometropia, anisoastigmatism, and anisometropic amblyopia in patients with neurofibromatosis-1 (NF1) and to compare it with that in age- and sex-matched controls. METHODS: Fifty patients with NF1 and 150 age- and sex-matched controls were examined in this study. Cycloplegic autorefraction was attempted on all patients <16 years old and without cycloplegia on patients >16 years old. Anisometropia was defined as absolute interocular difference of spherical equivalent more than or equal to 1 D. Aniso-astigmatism was defined as interocular difference of refractive astigmatism of more than or equal to 1 D. Amblyopia was defined as two-line decrease in Snellen acuity between the two eyes. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of anisometropia, aniso-astigmatism, and amblyopia in patients with NF1 was 16%, 20%, and 10%, respectively, and they were all significantly higher than in the controls. The amblyopia was either moderate or severe in nature and all affected patients had significant astigmatism (>2.5 D) in the amblyopic eye. CONCLUSIONS: NF1 is a risk factor for anisometropia, aniso-astigmatism, and aniso-astigmatic amblyopia and screening patients with NF1 for refractive errors before age 3 will help to detect patients at risk of amblyopia and give them proper treatment.

External ophthalmomyiasis seen in a patient from Istanbul, Turkey.

Ophthalmomyiasis externa, results from infestation of the conjunctiva by the larval form of Oestrus ovis. It is usually seen in rural areas. We report a case with ophthalmomyiasis externa in a young man living in an urban area (Istanbul, Turkey) who had no known history of traveling to the rural area. Even in patients living in urban areas ophthalmomyiasis externa should be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis of red eye.