RESUMO
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is the causative agent of typhoid fever, which causes nearly 21.7 million illnesses and 217,000 deaths globally. Herein, we describe the whole-genome sequence of the Salmonella Typhi strain ST0208, isolated from a sporadic case of typhoid fever in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The whole-genome sequence and comparative genomics allow an in-depth understanding of the genetic diversity, and its link to pathogenicity and evolutionary dynamics, of this highly clonal pathogen that is endemic to Malaysia.
Assuntos
DNA Bacteriano/química , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Genoma Bacteriano , Salmonella typhi/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Malásia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Salmonella typhi/isolamento & purificação , Febre Tifoide/microbiologiaRESUMO
Among enteric pathogens, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is responsible for the largest number of food-borne outbreaks and fatalities. The ability of the pathogen to cause systemic infection for extended durations leads to a high cost of disease control. Chronic carriers play important roles in the evolution of Salmonella Typhi; therefore, identification and in-depth characterization of isolates from clinical cases and carriers, especially those from zones of endemicity where the pathogen has not been extensively studied, are necessary. Here, we describe the genome sequence of the highly virulent Salmonella Typhi strain BL196/05 isolated during the outbreak of typhoid in Kelantan, Malaysia, in 2005. The whole-genome sequence and comparative genomics of this strain should enable us to understand the virulence mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics of this pathogen in Malaysia and elsewhere.
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Genoma Bacteriano , Malásia/epidemiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Salmonella typhi/genética , Salmonella typhi/patogenicidade , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Febre Tifoide/epidemiologia , Febre Tifoide/microbiologia , VirulênciaRESUMO
Many of the developing countries of the Southeast Asian region are significantly affected by endemic typhoid fever, possibly as a result of marginal living standards. It is an important public health problem in countries such as Papua New Guinea, which is geographically close to some of the foci of endemicity in Asia. The severity of the disease varies in different regions, and this may be attributable to genetic diversity among the native strains. Genome sequence data on strains from different countries are needed to clearly understand their genetic makeup and virulence potential. We describe the genomes of two Salmonella Typhi isolates from patients with fatal and nonfatal cases of typhoid fever in Papua New Guinea. We discuss in brief the underlying sequencing methodology, assembly, genome statistics, and important features of the two draft genomes, which form an essential step in our functional molecular infection epidemiology program centering on typhoid fever. The comparative genomics of these and other isolates would enable us to identify genetic rearrangements and mechanisms responsible for endemicity and the differential severity of pathogenic salmonellae in Papua New Guinea and elsewhere.
Assuntos
DNA Bacteriano/química , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Genoma Bacteriano , Salmonella typhi/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Papua Nova Guiné , Salmonella typhi/isolamento & purificação , Salmonella typhi/patogenicidade , Febre TifoideRESUMO
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) causes serious infections in people at risk and has a significant environmental prevalence due to contamination by human and animal excreta. In developing countries, UPEC assumes importance in certain dwellings because of poor community/personal hygiene and exposure to contaminated water or soil. We report the complete genome sequence of E. coli strain NA114 from India, a UPEC strain with a multidrug resistance phenotype and the capacity to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. The genome sequence and comparative genomics emanating from it will be significant in under-standing the genetic makeup of diverse UPEC strains and in boosting the development of new diagnostics/vaccines.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Genoma Bacteriano , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia , Escherichia coli Uropatogênica/genética , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Infecções Urinárias/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The diverse clinical outcomes of colonization by Helicobacter pylori reflect the need to understand the genomic rearrangements enabling the bacterium to adapt to host niches and exhibit varied colonization/virulence potential. We describe the genome sequences of the two serial isolates, H. pylori 2017 and 2018 (the chronological subclones of H. pylori 908), cultured in 2003 from the antrum and corpus, respectively, of an African patient who suffered from recrudescent duodenal ulcer disease. When compared with the genome of the parent strain, 908 (isolated from the antrum of the same patient in 1994), the genome sequences revealed genomic alterations relevant to virulence optimization or host-specific adaptation.
Assuntos
DNA Bacteriano/química , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Genoma Bacteriano , Infecções por Helicobacter/microbiologia , Helicobacter pylori/genética , África , Úlcera Duodenal/microbiologia , Mucosa Gástrica/microbiologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/complicações , Helicobacter pylori/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Estômago/microbiologia , Fatores de Virulência/genéticaRESUMO
The bacterial genus Paracoccus is comprised of metabolically versatile organisms having diverse degradative capabilities and potential industrial and environmental applications for bioremediation in particular. We report a de novo-assembled sequence and annotation of the genome of a novel isolate of Paracoccus denitrificans originally sourced from coal mine tailings in India. The isolate was capable of utilizing N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a source of carbon and nitrogen and therefore holds potential for bioremediation and mineralization of industrial pollutants. The genome sequence and biological circuitry revealed thereupon will be invaluable in understanding the metabolic capabilities, functioning, and evolution of this important bacterial organism.
Assuntos
Formamidas/metabolismo , Genoma Bacteriano/genética , Paracoccus denitrificans/genética , Paracoccus denitrificans/metabolismo , Dimetilformamida , Dados de Sequência MolecularRESUMO
Helicobacter pylori is a genetically diverse and coevolved pathogen inhabiting human gastric niches and leading to a spectrum of gastric diseases in susceptible populations. We describe the genome sequence of H. pylori 908, which was originally isolated from an African patient living in France who suffered with recrudescent duodenal ulcer disease. The strain was found to be phylogenetically related to H. pylori J99, and its comparative analysis revealed several specific genome features and novel insertion-deletion and substitution events. The genome sequence revealed several strain-specific deletions and/or gain of genes exclusively present in HP908 compared with different sequenced genomes already available in the public domain. Comparative and functional genomics of HP908 and its subclones will be important in understanding genomic plasticity and the capacity to colonize and persist in a changing host environment.
Assuntos
Genoma Bacteriano , Helicobacter pylori/classificação , Helicobacter pylori/genética , Úlcera Duodenal/microbiologia , Variação Genética , Infecções por Helicobacter/microbiologia , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , FilogeniaRESUMO
A decade since the availability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) genome sequence, no promising drug has seen the light of the day. This not only indicates the challenges in discovering new drugs but also suggests a gap in our current understanding of Mtb biology. We attempt to bridge this gap by carrying out extensive re-annotation and constructing a systems level protein interaction map of Mtb with an objective of finding novel drug target candidates. Towards this, we synergized crowd sourcing and social networking methods through an initiative 'Connect to Decode' (C2D) to generate the first and largest manually curated interactome of Mtb termed 'interactome pathway' (IPW), encompassing a total of 1434 proteins connected through 2575 functional relationships. Interactions leading to gene regulation, signal transduction, metabolism, structural complex formation have been catalogued. In the process, we have functionally annotated 87% of the Mtb genome in context of gene products. We further combine IPW with STRING based network to report central proteins, which may be assessed as potential drug targets for development of drugs with least possible side effects. The fact that five of the 17 predicted drug targets are already experimentally validated either genetically or biochemically lends credence to our unique approach.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Crowdsourcing , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Genoma Bacteriano , Macrófagos/microbiologia , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Genômica , Interações Hospedeiro-Patógeno , Humanos , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/patogenicidade , Mapeamento de Interação de Proteínas , Proteoma , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
The human gastric pathogen, Helicobacter pylori, colonizes more than 50% of the world population and is a well-known cause of peptic ulcer disease. H. pylori has been epidemiologically linked to various other diseases, among which its putative link with certain complex diseases such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is of interest. Although antibiotic resistance is a significant clinical problem in H. pylori infection control, the exact cause and much of the underlying mechanisms of T1DM are not clearly understood. In addition, commensal microflora, gut-adapted microbial communities, and plausible roles of some of the chronic human pathogens add an important dimension to the control of T1DM. Given this, the present review attempts to analyze and examine the confounding association of H. pylori and T1DM and the approaches to tackle them, and how the emerging field of vaccinomics might help in this pursuit.