Foreign direct investment, stock market capitalization, and sustainable development: relative impacts of domestic and foreign capital.

It is well acknowledged that achieving sustainable development goals without negatively impacting a country's economic activity is complicated. The question of whether foreign or domestic capital can be used to address the financial demands of the nations who lack the financial resources for a green transformation should now be resolved. Based on this, the main goal of this research is to analyze the impacts of domestic and foreign capital on carbon emissions for a heterogeneous panel of 42 countries for the period from 1990 to 2017. Aside from capital accumulation, the environmental impact of elements such as economic growth, urbanization, trade openness, and energy usage is also studied. The newly developed quantile via moment approach is utilized to isolate the impacts according to the countries' emission levels. Finally, the impact of these variables on the recently constructed sustainable development index is investigated in order to ensure its robustness. The findings of the study reveal that the environmental efficiency of domestic capital accumulation in countries with low emission levels is higher than in countries with high emission levels. Foreign capital, on the other hand, has no substantial effect on emission levels in all quantiles.

Is there a common definition for massive pleurisy?

The concept of massive pleurisy (MP) is frequently used to emphasize the significance of the amount of pleural effusion. However, there are significant disagreements about it due to the lack of a universal definition for MP. In our study, we sought to elucidate these distinctions. We employed a questionnaire comprised of visual and true/false sections. In the visual section, participants were shown real-time lung radiographs and schematic drawings and asked which ones were MP. On the other hand, suggestions regarding diagnosis, treatment, and consultations for MP were questionnaired. The study was comprised of 150 physicians from four distinct centers. On true/false and radiograph questions, physicians from the same branch exhibited differences of up to 50% (p < 0.05). On the level question, each branch involved reached a consensus (p = 0.003). In questions 3, 4, and 5, which also contained a true-false section, the branches gave varying responses, with the exception of the opinion that tube thoracostomy is unquestionably indicated in MP (p < 0.05). Establishing a common language for MP is crucial for clinician collaboration and appropriate patient management. Our study elucidates the divergences of opinion between branches and highlights the need for a unified definition.

Survival of pleurectomy-decortication and hyperthermic chemotherapy in mesothelioma.

Background: This study aims to evaluate overall survival, diseasefree survival, and prognostic factors in patients undergoing pleurectomy-decortication and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy with the diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Methods: Between January 2020 and November 2021, a total of 53 patients (27 males, 26 females; mean age: 58.1±1.3 years; range, 39 to 81 years) who underwent pleurectomy-decortication and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy with the diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma were retrospectively analyzed. Data including characteristics, comorbidities, postoperative complications, recurrence and mortality status of the patients were recorded. Overall survival and disease-free survival and prognostic factors were evaluated. Results: The median disease-free survival was 11.67 months and the median overall survival was 24.60 months. The median disease-free survival was 8.80 months in men and 13.17 months in women, indicating a statistically significant difference as it showed that recurrence was detected earlier in male patients (p=0.037). The median disease-free survival and overall survival was 6.13 months and 11.70 in cases diagnosed with biphasic mesothelioma, respectively, while it was 11.67 months and 25.46 months in cases with epithelial mesothelioma, respectively. Pathological subtype was found to be an effective prognostic factor for both survival (p=0.049 and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy following cytoreductive surgery is a preferable and tolerable method in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma. While evaluating surgical indications, it should be kept in mind that cases with epithelial mesothelioma may benefit more from surgical treatment.

An empirical note on tourism and sustainable development nexus.

The goal of this research is to investigate the impact of tourism on sustainable development in the 10 most visited countries. For this purpose, following the STIRPAT model, the impact of urbanization, energy intensity, and tourism on the newly designed sustainable development index is examined for the period 1995-2015. In doing so, tourism is represented by two different indicators, the number of tourists and tourism receipts. In addition, the impact of tourism on economic growth is analyzed to compare the effects of tourism development on economic growth and sustainable development. While doing this, second-generation panel data methods are used to take into account the possible inter-country dependency. According to the findings obtained in the study, tourism, energy intensity, and urbanization have positive effects on economic growth. On the other hand, the effects of all three factors on the sustainable development index are negative and statistically significant. These findings indicate that the harmful effects of tourism on other dimensions of sustainable development are greater than the beneficial effects of tourism on economic growth.

Analysis of the patients with simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax.

BACKGROUND: Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax (SBSP) is an uncommon condition with limited data on its incidence in the literature. In this study, we aimed to describe the bilaterality in both primary and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax cases, and the clinical approach in simultaneous disease and prognosis of these patients. METHODS: A total of 16 patients who were followed with the diagnosis of bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax between January 2005 and January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups: secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP; Group 1, n = 11) and primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP; Group 2, n = 5). Demographic data, underlying lung pathologies, treatments applied, clinical findings and survival data were recorded. RESULTS: Of the patients in Group 1, four (36.3%) had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), three (27.3%) had granulomatous lung disease, two (18.2%) had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, one (9.1%) had bronchiectasis and one (9.1%) had hypersensitivity reaction. Of these patients, four had bilateral tube thoracostomy, four had unilateral tube thoracostomy and the remaining three received medical treatment under follow-up. Of the Group 1 patients, six (54.6%) died during the 72-month follow-up period, while only one of these patients had COPD. All patients in Group 2 were treated using bilateral video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery either in the first or the second episode. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that simultaneous and bilateral occurrence of SPP is an indicator of an advanced lung pathology with a poor prognosis.