RESUMO
Seven calves born to 7 cows fed Nicotiana glauca during portions of the 1st trimester of gestation were deformed at birth. Deformities increased in severity as the calves aged. At birth, calves typically had arthrogryposis of the forelimbs or curvature of the spine; severity varied among calves. In 4 calves necropsied at about 15 months of age, there was general malpositioning and misalignment of the distal ends of the radius and ulna and the proximal ends of the metacarpal bones. Carpal joints were severely affected, fetlock joints were moderately affected, and pastern joints were slightly affected, with lateral rotation of forelimbs common; severity varied among calves. In 1 of the 4 calves, there was moderate torticollis and scoliosis resulting from wedging of some of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae and abnormal cranial curvature of the left thoracic ribs. Histologic changes were not noticed in muscle, brain, spinal cord, or endocrine organs of the 4 calves.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas/veterinária , Osso e Ossos/anormalidades , Doenças dos Bovinos/congênito , Nicotiana , Intoxicação por Plantas/veterinária , Plantas Tóxicas , Complicações na Gravidez/veterinária , Anormalidades Múltiplas/etiologia , Animais , Artrogripose/etiologia , Artrogripose/veterinária , Bovinos , Feminino , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/etiologiaAssuntos
Intoxicação por Plantas/veterinária , Reprodução , Doenças dos Ovinos/fisiopatologia , Aborto Animal/epidemiologia , Aborto Animal/etiologia , Animais , Peso ao Nascer , Peso Corporal , Feminino , Membro Anterior/anormalidades , Intoxicação por Plantas/complicações , Intoxicação por Plantas/fisiopatologia , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/veterinária , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/congênito , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The plant Conium maculatum produced congenital defects in calves born to cows gavaged the fresh green plant during days 50-75 of gestation. Both arthrogryposis and spinal curvature were produced and were similar to the defects produced by the piperidine alkaloid coniine. The arthrogrypotic manifestations of the condition markedly increased in severity as the animals aged. Animals gavaged dry plant had either normal or equivocally deformed offspring. A number of chain length and ring saturation analogs of coniine were not teratogenic. No congenital defects arose in offspring from maternal inhalation of either the teratogenic alkaloid coniine, or from the teratogenic green plant.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos/veterinária , Alcaloides/efeitos adversos , Doenças dos Bovinos/induzido quimicamente , Piperidinas/efeitos adversos , Plantas Tóxicas , Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos/etiologia , Animais , Artrogripose/induzido quimicamente , Artrogripose/veterinária , Bovinos , Feminino , Gravidez , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Nicotiana glauca consumption by pregnant cows or sows produced arthrogryposis and other congenital deformities in their offspring. The plant material administered contained 0.11% anabasine, the suspect teratogen. But concentration varied among various plant parts; woody material was very low but leaves and bark were high. The anabasine was identified by mass spectral fragmentation analysis.
Assuntos
Anabasina/análise , Doenças dos Bovinos/etiologia , Anormalidades Congênitas/veterinária , Piperidinas/análise , Intoxicação por Plantas/veterinária , Doenças dos Suínos/etiologia , Teratogênicos/análise , Animais , Artrogripose/etiologia , Artrogripose/veterinária , Bovinos , Feminino , Intoxicação por Plantas/complicações , Plantas Tóxicas/análise , Gravidez , SuínosRESUMO
Cows, ewes, and mares varied considerably in susceptibility to toxicoses from the oral administration of the piperidine alkaloid, coniine. Cows were most susceptible and ewes least. Only calves had teratogenic effects from maternal administration of coniine during gestation; lambs and foals were apparently resistant. Results suggest that the marked differences between cattle and sheep are probably not due to variation in gut absorption or rumen metabolism.