Feasibility and effectiveness of opioid-free anesthesia in cytoreductive surgery with or without heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) provides analgesia minimizing opioids. OFA has not been evaluated in cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with or without heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy. We aim to evaluate OFA feasibility and effectiveness in CRS. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of adult patients (84) undergoing CRS in a tertiary center from May 2020 until June 2021. Predefined protocols for either opioid-based anesthesia (OBA) or OFA were followed. RESULTS: OFA protocol patients (41) had better mean pain scores (1 ± 0.8 vs. 2 ± 1; p = 0.00) despite the avoidance of intravenous and epidural fentanyl intraoperatively (220 ± 104 and 194 ± 73 µg, respectively, in OBA vs. 0; p = 0.00). Postoperative epidural levobupivacaine was also lower in the OFA group (575 ± 192 vs. 706 ± 346 mg; p = 0.034) despite the lack of epidural fentanyl without difference in duration (4.3 ± 1.2 vs. 4 ± 1.2 days; p = 0.22). Morphine consumption was very low (4.1 ± 10 vs. 1.7 ± 5 mg; p = 0.16). Intraoperative hypertensive events and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were higher for OBA (43) (30.2% vs. 7.3%; p = 0.01% and 69.8% vs. 34.1%; p = 0.001, respectively). Postoperative epidural fentanyl was independently associated with PONV (p = 0.004). There was no difference in total complications or length of stay. CONCLUSION: OFA is feasible, safe, and offers optimal pain control while minimizing the use of opioids in CRS.

Relevance of the main postharvest handling operations on the development of brown rot disease on stone fruits.

BACKGROUND: Brown rot caused by Monilinia spp. is one of the most important postharvest diseases of stone fruit. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relevance of the main postharvest operations of fruit - hydrocooling, cold room, water dump, sorting and cooling tunnel - in the development of M. laxa on peaches and nectarines artificially infected 48, 24 or 2 h before postharvest operations. RESULTS: Commercial hydrocooling operation reduced incidence to 10% in 'Pp 100' nectarine inoculated 2 and 24 h before this operation; however, in 'Fantasia' nectarine incidence was not reduced, although lesion diameter was decreased in all studied varieties. Hydrocooling operation for 10 min and 40 mg L-1 of sodium hypochlorite reduced brown rot incidence by 50-77% in nectarines inoculated 2 h before operation; however, in peach varieties it was not reduced. Water dump operation showed reduction of incidence on nectarine infected 2 h before immersion for 30 s in clean water at 4 °C and 40 mg L-1 sodium hypochlorite; however, in peach varieties it was not reduced. Cold room, sorting and cooling tunnel operation did not reduce brown rot incidence. CONCLUSION: From all studied handling operations on stone fruit packing houses, hydrocooling is the most relevant in the development of brown rot disease. Duration of the treatment seems to be more important than chlorine concentration. In addition, hydrocooling and water dump were less relevant in peaches than in nectarines. As a general trend, hydrocooling and water dump reduced incidence on fruit with recent infections (2 or 24 h before operation); however, when infections have been established (48 h before operation) diseases were not reduced. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

Knowledge about clinical presentation, prevention strategies and sexual transmission of Zika virus infection among women of reproductive age in an endemic area.

BACKGROUND: The recognition of the causal association between Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy and congenital abnormalities including microcephaly underlines the importance of preventing this disease in pregnant women (PW) and women of childbearing age (WCA). Although Brazil and other Latin American countries reported a significant reduction in the number of ZIKV infections in recent years, epidemic waves can recur in settings with previous outbreaks as conditions for transmission remain optimal and susceptible populations are continuously replenished. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 64 PW and 260 non-pregnant WCA attending routine medical appointments in two primary care units in Sao Paulo, Brazil, and assessed knowledge and attitudes about ZIKV infection and prevention. RESULTS: Most women reported knowing that ZIKV is transmitted through the bite of Aedes mosquitos, and most knew that acute symptoms are similar to those seen in Dengue infection. Furthermore, most participants correctly described that ZIKV infection during pregnancy may cause detrimental outcomes for the newborn. However, most ignored that ZIKV infection can be asymptomatic, and only 15% knew about the risk of ZIKV sexual transmission. We found no statistically significant differences between PW and WCA regarding knowledge about ZIKV sexual transmission. Knowledge about ZIKV sexual transmission was significantly associated with education; among participants with ≤12 schooling years, only 9.0% (95%CI 3.4-18.5%) correctly answered that ZIKV can be sexually transmitted, compared to 12.9% (95%CI 8.2-18.8%) among participants with 12-14 schooling years, and to 24.4% (95%CI 15.9-34.9%) of participants with ≥15 schooling years (p = 0.015). Education remained independently associated with knowledge about sexual transmission of ZIKV in a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for age, race and pregnancy status (p = 0.022). CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the urgent need of educational and family planning programs that may help prevent detrimental outcomes of ZIKV infection in an endemic area of Brazil.

"Being born in a certain place conditions you". Health, right to the city, crisis and participation in a relocated neighborhood. / "Nacer en determinado lugar te condiciona". Salud, derecho a la ciudad, crisis y participación en un barrio reubicado.

The present paper analyzes, in the context of a settlements' relocation, the participation and tactics developed by the Barrio Nuevo inhabitants and doctors of a Health Centre in La Plata (Argentina), to face the crisis that is taking place in the country from the application of austerity policies. Our assumption is that community participation and in health issues (understood in a holistic sense) makes it possible to identify and intervene in social conditions, such as the right to the city, to produce changes in the health situation of the territory. For this, we will investigate the crisis, the current public policies and the modes of participation. Specifically, we will develop the experience of a Health Situation Analysis (ASIS) held in the territory and we will analyze the relationship between the right to health and the right to the city.The methodology used is ethnography. We carried out participant observations, in-depth interviews, a health workshop and participated in the ASIS.We conclude that there is a dialectical relationship between the right to the city and to health and this is a collective construction. All community participation strengthens health interventions. This is essential in crisis contexts to fight for violated rights.

Este artículo analiza, en el marco de una relocalización de asentamientos, la participación y las tácticas de los/as habitantes de Barrio Nuevo y médicos/as de un Centro de Salud de La Plata (Argentina) ante la crisis acontecida a partir de la aplicación de políticas de austeridad.El supuesto del que partimos es que la participación comunitaria y en el campo de la salud (entendida en un sentido holístico) posibilita identificar e incidir en los condicionantes sociales, como el derecho a la ciudad, para favorecer transformaciones de la situación de salud del territorio. Para ello, indagaremos la crisis, las políticas actuales y los modos de participación. En particular, desarrollaremos la experiencia de un Análisis de Situación de Salud (ASIS) en el barrio y analizaremos la relación entre derecho a la salud y derecho a la ciudad.Se empleó una metodología etnográfica. Se realizaron observaciones participantes, entrevistas en profundidad, un taller de salud y se participó en el ASIS.Concluimos que hay una relación dialéctica entre derecho a la ciudad y a la salud y ésta es una construcción colectiva. Toda participación barrial fortalece las intervenciones en salud. Ello es indispensable en contextos de crisis para luchar por derechos vulnerados.

Survival of Staphylococcus aureus on fomites.

The aim of this study was to evaluate duration of survival of Staphylococcus aureus on contaminated standardized fomites, such as sterilization paper (SP) and polyester previously sterilized in a steam autoclave, and to determine the potential inhibitory effects of the substrates (fabrics used to manufacture garments and special wrapping paper used in the dental setting) using the bacteriostasis test. The test was performed on two types of sterile standardized samples (T1 and T2). Sterility of the samples was validated following the protocol in use at the Department of Microbiology, after which the samples were inoculated with 50 microl of a calibrated suspension of Staphylococcus aureus (reference strain ATCC 25923) in the exponential growth phase, in a final concentration of 10(7) cfu/ml and 10(6) cfu/ml). The samples were incubated at 27 degrees C and survival and concentration of microorganisms attached to the surface of the substrates was determined at the following experimental time points: immediately post-contamination, and 3 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, and 7 days post-contamination. Recovery was determined and expressed as a percentage; the bacteriostasis test was performed and showed negative results. Our results suggest that the quantity of recovered microorganisms varies according to the type of substrate and that there is a relation between survival and incubation time of the inoculated substrate serving as an artificial niche.

Colorectal carcinoma in the frail surgical patient. Implementation of a Work Area focused on the Complex Surgical Patient improves postoperative outcome. / Resultados de morbimortalidad en cáncer colorrectal en paciente quirúrgico frágil. Implementación de un Área de Atención al Paciente Quirúrgico Complejo.

INTRODUCTION: Advanced age and comorbidity impact on post-operative morbi-mortality in the frail surgical patient. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of a comprehensive, multidisciplinary and individualized care delivered to the frail patient by implementation of a Work Area focused on the Complex Surgical Patient (CSPA). METHODS: Retrospective study with prospective data collection. Ninety one consecutive patients, classified as frail (ASAIII or IV, Barthel<80 and/or Pfeiffer>3) underwent curative radical surgery for colorectal carcinoma between 2013 and 2015. GroupI: 35 patients optimized by the CSPA during 2015. GroupII: 56 No-CSPA patients, treated prior to CSPA implementation, during 2014-2015. Group homogeneity, complication rate, length of stay, reoperations, readmissions, costs and overall mortality were analyzed and adjusted by Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG). RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in term of age, gender, ASA classification, body mass index, tumor staging and type of surgical intervention between the two groups. Major complications (Clavien-DindoIII-IV) (12.5% vs. 28.5%, P=.04), hospital stay (12.6±6days vs. 15.2±6days, P=0.041), readmissions (12.5% vs. 28.3%, P<0.041), and patient episode cost weighted according to DRG (3.29±1 vs. 4.3±1, P=0.008) were statistically inferior in Group CSPA. There were no differrences in reoperations (6.2% vs. 5.3%) or mortality (6.2% vs. 7.1%). 96.9% of patients of GroupI manifested having received a satisfactory attention and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of a CSPA, delivering surgical care to frail colorectal cancer patients, involves a reduction of complications, length of stay and readmissions, and is a cost-effective arrangement.

[Health assistance to homeless people in a health unit in São Paulo city]. / Atendimento a população de rua em um Centro de Saúde Escola na cidade de São Paulo.

Geraldo Honório de Paula Souza health unit is located close to the Public Health College at University de São Paulo and has largely contributed to improve education in the health field. As it registers just population who live in a specific location nearly, it has also provided help to the homeless people in the area of Pinheiros couting on the support of the Program Gente de Rua, a partnership between Social Center Nossa Senhora do Bom Parto and Health Secretary of São Paulo municipality. This program consists of three communitarian agents and a nurse who take care of this population in the health center. The agents first contact homeless people who can be later assisted by a heath team in the unit. Assistance also includes visits by the agents and the nurse from the program, taking into consideration the principle of equity of Brazilian Unified Health System.

Knowledge about clinical presentation, prevention strategies and sexual transmission of Zika virus infection among women of reproductive age in an endemic area

ABSTRACT Background The recognition of the causal association between Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy and congenital abnormalities including microcephaly underlines the importance of preventing this disease in pregnant women (PW) and women of childbearing age (WCA). Although Brazil and other Latin American countries reported a significant reduction in the number of ZIKV infections in recent years, epidemic waves can recur in settings with previous outbreaks as conditions for transmission remain optimal and susceptible populations are continuously replenished. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 64 PW and 260 non-pregnant WCA attending routine medical appointments in two primary care units in São Paulo, Brazil, and assessed knowledge and attitudes about ZIKV infection and prevention. Results: Most women reported knowing that ZIKV is transmitted through the bite of Aedes mosquitos, and most knew that acute symptoms are similar to those seen in Dengue infection. Furthermore, most participants correctly described that ZIKV infection during pregnancy may cause detrimental outcomes for the newborn. However, most ignored that ZIKV infection can be asymptomatic, and only 15% knew about the risk of ZIKV sexual transmission. We found no statistically significant differences between PW and WCA regarding knowledge about ZIKV sexual transmission. Knowledge about ZIKV sexual transmission was significantly associated with education; among participants with ≤12 schooling years, only 9.0% (95%CI 3.4-18.5%) correctly answered that ZIKV can be sexually transmitted, compared to 12.9% (95%CI 8.2-18.8%) among participants with 12-14 schooling years, and to 24.4% (95%CI 15.9-34.9%) of participants with ≥15 schooling years (p = 0.015). Education remained independently associated with knowledge about sexual transmission of ZIKV in a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for age, race and pregnancy status (p = 0.022). Conclusion: Our findings underscore the urgent need of educational and family planning programs that may help prevent detrimental outcomes of ZIKV infection in an endemic area of Brazil.

Viable spore counts in biological controls pre-sterilization.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the total count of viable spores in standardized inoculated carriers pre-sterilization. Samples of "Bacterial Spore Sterilization Strip" (R Biological Laboratories) (well before their expiry date) were divided into Group A (B. subtilis) and Group B (B. stearothermophylus). Twenty-four strips were tested per group. The strips were minced in groups of three, placed in chilled sterile water and vortexed for 5 minutes to obtain a homogenous suspension. Ten ml of the homogenous suspension were transferred to two sterile jars, i.e. one jar per group. The samples were then heated in a water bath at 95 degrees C (Group A) or 80 degrees C (Group B) for 15 minutes and cooled rapidly in an ice bath at 0- 4 degrees C during 15 minutes. Successive dilutions were performed until a final aliquot of 30 to 300 colony-forming units (CFU) was obtained. The inoculums were placed in Petri dishes with culture medium (soy extract, casein agar adapted for spores, melted and cooled to 45-50 degrees C) and incubated at 55 degrees C or 37 degrees C. Statistical analysis of the data was performed. A larger number of spores were found at 48 hours than at 24 hours. However, this finding did not hold true for all the groups. The present results show that monitoring viable spores pre-sterilization would guarantee the accuracy of the data. Total spore counts must be within 50 and 300% of the number of spores indicated in the biological control. The procedure is essential to guarantee the efficacy of the biological control.

"Nacer en determinado lugar te condiciona". Salud, derecho a la ciudad, crisis y participación en un barrio reubicado / "Being born in a certain place conditions you". Health, right to the city, crisis and participation in a relocated neighborhood

Resumen Este artículo analiza, en el marco de una relocalización de asentamientos, la participación y las tácticas de los/as habitantes de Barrio Nuevo y médicos/as de un Centro de Salud de La Plata (Argentina) ante la crisis acontecida a partir de la aplicación de políticas de austeridad.El supuesto del que partimos es que la participación comunitaria y en el campo de la salud (entendida en un sentido holístico) posibilita identificar e incidir en los condicionantes sociales, como el derecho a la ciudad, para favorecer transformaciones de la situación de salud del territorio. Para ello, indagaremos la crisis, las políticas actuales y los modos de participación. En particular, desarrollaremos la experiencia de un Análisis de Situación de Salud (ASIS) en el barrio y analizaremos la relación entre derecho a la salud y derecho a la ciudad.Se empleó una metodología etnográfica. Se realizaron observaciones participantes, entrevistas en profundidad, un taller de salud y se participó en el ASIS.Concluimos que hay una relación dialéctica entre derecho a la ciudad y a la salud y ésta es una construcción colectiva. Toda participación barrial fortalece las intervenciones en salud. Ello es indispensable en contextos de crisis para luchar por derechos vulnerados.

Abstract The present paper analyzes, in the context of a settlements' relocation, the participation and tactics developed by the Barrio Nuevo inhabitants and doctors of a Health Centre in La Plata (Argentina), to face the crisis that is taking place in the country from the application of austerity policies. Our assumption is that community participation and in health issues (understood in a holistic sense) makes it possible to identify and intervene in social conditions, such as the right to the city, to produce changes in the health situation of the territory. For this, we will investigate the crisis, the current public policies and the modes of participation. Specifically, we will develop the experience of a Health Situation Analysis (ASIS) held in the territory and we will analyze the relationship between the right to health and the right to the city.The methodology used is ethnography. We carried out participant observations, in-depth interviews, a health workshop and participated in the ASIS.We conclude that there is a dialectical relationship between the right to the city and to health and this is a collective construction. All community participation strengthens health interventions. This is essential in crisis contexts to fight for violated rights.

Atendimento à população de rua em um Centro de Saúde Escola na cidade de São Paulo / Health assistance to homeless people in a health unit in São Paulo city / Atención a la población que vive en las calles, en un centro de salud docent en la ciudad de São Paulo

O Centro de Saúde Escola Geraldo Honório de Paula Souza localiza-se na Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, atende à população do território adjacente e contribui para a formação acadêmica na área da saúde. Também oferece assistência aos moradores em situação de rua da região de Pinheiros/Lapa e conta com o trabalho do Programa A Gente na Rua, parceria entre o Centro Social Nossa Senhora do Bom Parto e Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo. O Programa é composto por três agentes comunitários de saúde e uma enfermeira, que realizam atendimento e acompanhamento a essa população no Centro de Saúde com as enfermeiras da unidade. Os agentes abordam os moradores de rua que, posteriormente, serão acompanhados tanto na unidade como nas visitas de rua realizadas pelos próprios agentes e pela enfermeira do Programa, considerando os princípios de eqüidade e universalidade do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).

Geraldo Honório de Paula Souza health unit is located close to the Public Health College at University de São Paulo and has largely contributed to improve education in the health field. As it registers just population who live in a specific location nearly, it has also provided help to the homeless people in the area of Pinheiros couting on the support of the Program Gente de Rua, a partnership between Social Center Nossa Senhora do Bom Parto and Health Secretary of São Paulo municipality. This program consists of three communitarian agents and a nurse who take care of this population in the health center. The agents first contact homeless people who can be later assisted by a heath team in the unit. Assistance also includes visits by the agents and the nurse from the program, taking into consideration the principle of equity of Brazilian Unified Health System.

El centro de Salud Escuela Geraldo Honório de Paula Souza está localizado junto a la Facultad de Salud Pública de la Universidad de São Paulo atendiendo la población del territorio adyacente y contribuyendo para la formación académica en el área de la salud. También ofrece asistencia a los habitantes que viven en las calles de la región de Pinheiros y cuenta con el trabajo del Programa A Gente na Rua, una sociedad entre el Centro Social Nossa Senhora do Bom Parto y la Secretaría Municipal de Salud de São Paulo. Ese programa es compuesto por tres agentes comunitarios de salud y un enfermero que atienden y observan esa población en el centro de salud junto con las enfermeras de la unidad. Los agentes abordan a los habitantes que viven en las calles que posteriormente serán observados en la unidad y también en las visitas en las calles realizadas por los propios agentes y por lo enfermero del Programa, contemplando el principio de equidad del Sistema Único de Salud.

Viable spore counts in biological controls pre-sterilization

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el recuento total de esporos viables en tiras inoculadas estandarizadas antes de ser sometidas a ciclo de esterilización. Se utilizaron muestras de "Bacterial Spore Sterilization Strip" (R. Biological Lab) dentro de la fecha de vencimiento, que fueron divididas en: grupo A (B subtilis) y en grupo B (B stearothermophylus). Se testearon 24 tiras de cada grupo. Las tiras, en grupos de tres, fueros trituradas y colocadas en agua destilada refrigerada estéril. Luego se homogeneizaron las suspensiones en vortex durante 5 minutos y se transfirieron 10 ml de cada grupo a dos frascos estériles. Las muestras se calentaron en baño de maría a 95ºC (grupo A y 80ºC (grupo B) durante 15 minutos y se las enfrió bruscamente en un baño de hielo entre 0º a 4ºC durante 15 minutos. Se realizaron diluciones sucesivas hasta obtener una alícuta final que estuviera entre 30 y 300 UFC (unidades formadoras de colonias) que fue colocada en placas de Petri que contenían el medio de cultivo (agar extracto de soja caseína fundido, adaptado para esporos y enfriado a 45-50ºC. Se realizaron las incubaciones a 55ºC y 37ºC. El número de esporos presentes a las 48 horas fue mayor que el número presente a las 24 horas, si bien estos resultados no fueron homogéneos en todos los grupos. Los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente. El controlar el recuento de esporos viables pre-esterilización evitaría falsos resultados. La cantidad de esporos viables no debe ser menor al 50 por ciento ni mayor al 300 por ciento del número de esporos de la cepa específica en el control biológico. Este procedimiento es importante para garantizar la eficacia del control biológico

Placa microbiana (enfoque infectológico-ecológico) / Bacterial plaque (an infectological-ecological approach)

En este artículo, se analizan solamente algunos aspectos de la dinámica de la placa microbiana del área periodontal (placa subgingival), bajo un modelo infecto-ecológico; esto es: trasladando algunos principios del área de la infectología y de la ecología al ecosistema surco gingival-bolsa periodontal, y reinterpretando con ellos la etiopatogenia de las enfermedades periodontales

Modificación de los valores bioquímicos-clínicos de colesterolemia por actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans: prueba "in vitro". Parte I e hipótesis general, Proyecto Interplaca / Modification of biochemical and clinical values of cholesterolemia by actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans: an in vitro test. Part I and general hypothesis, Interplaque Project

Se investigó la capacidad de las colonias de Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.) de modificar in vitro los títulos de colesterolemia. Cada suero humano con valores predeterminados de colesterol (por método enzimático) se incubóa 37§C durante 24 hs con colonias de A.a no viables; luego se repitieron las titulaciones de colesterol en todos los sueros. Comparando ambas determinaciones (pre y pos incubación de cada suero) se observó una reducción en los títulos de colesterol en 72 muestras (96 por ciento) y en 3 muestras (4 por ciento) no hubo cambios. La reducción promedio de los títulos de colesterol fue de 44,4 mg/100 ml (rango: 1,7-164,5 mg/100 ml). Estos resultados podrían convertir al A.a. y/o sus lipopolisacáridos (desde el reservorio periodontal "biofilm" y mediante bacteriemias) en agentes de riesgo infeccioso-endotóxico en las génesis de las placas de ateroma, actuando posiblemente como núcleos de acreción de las moléculas de colesterol sérico, influenciando consecuentemente las patologías cardiovasculares

Accion de la espiramicina en la Periodontitits del adulto / The effect of spiramycin in the adult Periodontitis

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la espiramicina por via oral como unico tratamiento y como coadyuvante del raspaje y alisado radicular en pacientes con periodontitis del adulto severa. Se estudiaron 30 pacientes (media de edad 46). Despues de realizar instruccion en las tecnicas de higiene bucal se seleccionaron sitios en piezas unirradiculares con profundidad de sondaje mayor o igual a 6 mm y se realizaron los siguientes tratamientos: 35 sitios (Grupo E) recibieron espiramicina como unico tratamiento, 35 sitios simetricos recibieron raspaje y alisado mas espiramicina (Grupo E + RyA), y 33 sitios recibieron raspaje y alisado como unico tratamiento (Grupo RyA). En la condicion basal y a las 2, 12 y 24 semanas post tratamiento se realizaron las evaluaciones clinicas (indice de placa y gingival, sangrado al sondaje, profundidad de sondaje y nivel de insercion) y microbiologica (microscopia de campo oscuro). La comparacion entre los grupos mostro que en la condicion basal no habia diferencias entre los mismos. A nivel clinico hallamos que a las 2 semanas la reduccion de la profundidad de sondaje fue significativamente mayor en el grupo E+RyA. A las 24 semanas no se hallaron diferen que en grupo E sangraban un mayor porcentaje de sitios. En el nivel microbiologico en todas las evaluaciones post tratamiento la reduccion del porcentaje de espiroquetas fue mayor en los grupos que recibieron espiramicina. Podemos inferir por los resultados de este estudio que la administracion de espiramicina en pacientes con periodontitis del adulto no se justifica de forma rutinaria sino en ciertos casos severos como caracteristicas particulares (AU) clinicas entre los grupos E+RyA y RyA, mientras

El taller en el aprendizaje de la microbiología y su aprovechamiento con relación al contexto socioeconómico / The workshop in the learning of microbiology and its utilization in relation with the socioeconomic background

En la enseñanza tradicional el alumno asume un rol pasivo en el desarrollo de la clase y el docente actúa como un transmisor de conocimientos. El taller es una técnica de enseñanza que permite múltiples interrelaciones docente-alumno, posibilitando el análisis de los temas tratados. El objeto de este trabajo fue comparar el aprovechamiento del taller con relación a clases teóricas convencionales, considerando además el contexto socioeconómico de cada alumno en particular. La población estudiada consistió en 160 alumnos de la cátedra de Microbiología General de FOUBA, distribuidos en 4 grupos de trabajo. Estos desarrollaron en forma de taller cuatro temas correspondientes al programa de estudio. Cada uno de los contenidos en el taller se comparó con un grupo control que adquirió el conocimiento a través de una clase teórica convencional. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se pudo concluir que el rendimiento de la técnica de taller, analizado estadísticamente, fue significativo en un 50 por ciento y que el factor socioeconómico influyó en el aprovechamiento del aprendizaje en cualquiera de las metodologías utilizadas. Por lo tanto es necesario valorar toda metodología pedagógica, utilizando cada una de ellas en las situaciones que correspondan