RESUMO
The care of wounds is common in pediatric practice. Most simple wounds can be handled by clinicians in the office or by trained emergency medicine clinicians. Knowledge of appropriate wound care, wound repair techniques, and judicious use of antibiotics for prophylaxis ensures the best possible long-term outcomes. The following review describes appropriate recommendations for acute and long-term wound care, management, and special circumstances common to pediatric practice.
Assuntos
Ferimentos e Lesões/terapia , Anestésicos Locais , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Humanos , Controle de Infecções , Masculino , Técnicas de Sutura , Tétano/prevenção & controle , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Cicatrização , Ferimentos e Lesões/diagnóstico , Ferimentos e Lesões/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Adequate analgesia is critical in the management of pediatric patients in the emergency department. Suboptimal treatment of pain can have deleterious effects in the short term, and it can also affect a patient's development and reaction to future painful experiences. Tools exist to quantify a patient's pain level regardless of age or developmental stage. Both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic methods can be effective in the management of pediatric pain. Emergency clinicians must remain vigilant in the recognition, treatment, and reassessment of pediatric pain, as patients' developmental level may limit their ability to independently express their pain experience without prompting or tools. This issue reviews pain scales that are suitable for pediatric patients and discusses pediatric pain management using nonpharmacologic methods, topical, local, and regional anesthesia as well as systemic agents.