RESUMO
Studies have suggested that tumors are capable of modulating dendritic cell (DC) phenotype. A soluble protein produced by certain tumors, endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP II) has been suggested as an anti-tumor agent based on its anti-angiogenic activity. However, this factor has not been evaluated for effects on DC. In this study, we analyzed the effect of Meth A fibrosarcoma supernatant and recombinant human EMAP II on DC migration. This included the migration of Langerhans cells from mouse ear skin sections and the migration of cells of a dendritic cell line (JAWS II) in a transwell culture system. The results of these studies indicated that EMAP II stimulates the migration of DC. Additional studies showed that the presence of the ascites form of the Meth A tumor led to a decrease in Langerhans cell (LC) numbers in the skin, and this decrease could be partially blocked by neutralizing antibody specific for EMAP II. Subcutaneous injection at the base of the ear of recombinant human EMAP II also led to a decrease in epidermal LC similar to that observed in tumor bearing mice. Together, these results suggest novel roles for EMAP II in modulating the migration of DC and suggest that these effects may modify Meth A tumor/host interactions.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Movimento Celular/fisiologia , Citocinas/metabolismo , Células Dendríticas/fisiologia , Fibrossarcoma/metabolismo , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade/metabolismo , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/metabolismo , Animais , Células Dendríticas/citologia , Feminino , Fibrossarcoma/patologia , Inibidores do Crescimento/metabolismo , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: After receiving U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval for the treatment of newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) in 2015, following initial approval for treatment of recurrent GBM in 2011, Optune®, a device that uses tumor-treating fields (TTFields) therapy, continues to gain acceptance in the practice environment. OBJECTIVES: This article reviews how TTFields differ from traditional GBM treatment approaches and discusses the pivotal role nurses play in helping patients successfully use this therapy. This includes the importance of adherence to daily continuous therapy because adherence optimizes patient outcomes. METHODS: This article provides oncology nurses with practical guidance to share with patients who are candidates for treatment with TTFields, as well as information to facilitate patients' understanding of the use of Optune and how best to incorporate it into their activities of daily living. FINDINGS: Nurses are key members of the multidisciplinary treatment team that manages patients with GBM. Therefore, oncology nurses are well equipped to educate patients and caregivers about the use of and benefits of adherence to TTFields.
Assuntos
Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica , Campos Eletromagnéticos , Glioblastoma/terapia , Enfermagem Prática/normas , Enfermagem Oncológica/normas , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Papel do Profissional de Enfermagem , Cooperação do Paciente , Estados Unidos , United States Food and Drug AdministrationAssuntos
Absenteísmo , Transtornos Fóbicos/psicologia , Instituições Acadêmicas , Estudantes/psicologia , Adolescente , Comportamento do Adolescente/classificação , Criança , Comportamento Infantil/classificação , Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos Fóbicos/terapia , Estudantes/classificaçãoRESUMO
Participants (62 students from 6 doctoral programs in professional psychology) were given 3 ethical dilemmas, asked to generate their own solutions, and asked to make judgments about a number of provided alternatives. Students were asked either to make decisions after seeking consultation or to make decisions independently of consultation. There were few significant between-group differences along a number of dimensions including participants' ratings of acceptability of provided alternatives and levels of certainty, justification, and satisfaction with personally generated solutions. For one of the vignettes, individuals using consultation, when compared with the control group, were significantly more likely to prefer their own solution to that of provided alternatives. The study was viewed as a needed first step in investigating a cherished assumption in clinical practice.