RESUMO
3-(S)-Pyrimidin-5-yl-9-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,8]naphthyridin-2-yl)-nonanoic acid (5e) and 3-(S)-(methylpyrimidin-5-yl)-9-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,8]naphthyridin-2-yl)-nonanoic acid (5f) were identified as potent and selective antagonists of the alpha(v)beta(3) receptor. These compounds have excellent in vitro profiles (IC(50) = 0.07 and 0.08 nM, respectively), significant unbound fractions in human plasma (6 and 4%), and good pharmacokinetics in rat, dog, and rhesus monkey. On the basis of the efficacy shown in an in vivo model of bone turnover following once-daily oral administration, these two compounds were selected for clinical development for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Assuntos
Integrinas/antagonistas & inibidores , Naftiridinas/farmacologia , Osteoporose/tratamento farmacológico , Receptores de Vitronectina/antagonistas & inibidores , Administração Oral , Animais , Disponibilidade Biológica , Densidade Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Reabsorção Óssea/tratamento farmacológico , Cães , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Integrinas/metabolismo , Macaca mulatta , Modelos Moleculares , Naftiridinas/química , Naftiridinas/farmacocinética , Osteoporose/prevenção & controle , Ovariectomia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptores de Vitronectina/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
3(S)-(6-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-3-[2-oxo-3-[3-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,8]-naphthyridin-2-yl)propyl]imidazolidin-1-yl]propionic acid 6 was identified as a potent and selective antagonist of the alpha(v)beta(3) receptor. This compound has an excellent in vitro profile (IC(50) = 0.08 nM), a significant unbound fraction in human plasma (12%), and good pharmacokinetics in rat, dog, and rhesus monkey. On the basis of the efficacy shown in three in vivo models of bone turnover, the compound was selected for clinical development. To support the ongoing metabolism and safety studies, a novel strategy was employed in which a series of oxidized derivatives of 6 were prepared by exposure of 6 (or the methyl ester) to chemical oxidizing agents. These products proved useful in the identification of active metabolites generated by either in vitro or in vivo metabolism.
Assuntos
Integrina alfaVbeta3/antagonistas & inibidores , Naftiridinas/síntese química , Osteoporose , Propionatos/síntese química , Animais , Densidade Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Reabsorção Óssea/tratamento farmacológico , Reabsorção Óssea/etiologia , Reabsorção Óssea/metabolismo , Cães , Feminino , Humanos , Macaca mulatta , Masculino , Naftiridinas/química , Naftiridinas/farmacologia , Osteoporose/tratamento farmacológico , Osteoporose/prevenção & controle , Ovariectomia , Oxirredução , Propionatos/química , Propionatos/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Estereoisomerismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Silent Night: Antagonism of the orexin (or hypocretin) system has recently been identified as a novel mechanism for the treatment of insomnia. Herein, we describe discovery of a dual (OX(1)R/OX(2)R) orexin receptor antagonist featuring a 1,4-diazepane central constraint that blocks orexin signaling in vivo. In telemetry-implanted rats, oral administration of this antagonist produced a decrease in wakefulness, while increasing REM and non-REM sleep.
Assuntos
Azepinas/química , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores de Neuropeptídeos/antagonistas & inibidores , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Azepinas/farmacocinética , Azepinas/uso terapêutico , Sistema Nervoso Central/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Orexina , Ratos , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/metabolismo , Receptores de Neuropeptídeos/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
A series of novel, highly potent alpha(v)beta(3) receptor antagonists with favorable pharmacokinetic profiles has been identified. In this series of antagonists, 2-aryl beta-amino acids function as potent aspartic acid replacements.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos/química , Ésteres/química , Receptores de Vitronectina/antagonistas & inibidores , Aminoácidos/síntese química , Aminoácidos/farmacocinética , Animais , Ácido Aspártico/química , Materiais Biomiméticos/síntese química , Materiais Biomiméticos/química , Materiais Biomiméticos/farmacocinética , Cães , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Ésteres/síntese química , Ésteres/farmacocinética , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Oligopeptídeos/química , Oligopeptídeos/farmacocinética , Ligação Proteica , Receptores de Vitronectina/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Potent non-peptidic alpha(v)beta(3) antagonists have been prepared incorporating various beta-amino acids as aspartic acid mimetics. Modification of the beta-alanine 3-substituents alters the potency and physicochemical properties of these receptor antagonists and in some cases provides orally bioavailable alpha(v)beta(3) inhibitors.