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Sleep ; 42(4)2019 04 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30590809

RESUMO

Animals and humans spend on average one third of their lives in sleep, but its functions remain to be specified. Distinct lines of research propose that sleep promotes local strengthening of information-bearing synapses (plasticity) and global downscaling of synaptic strength (stability) in neural networks-prerequisites for adaptive behavior in a changing environment. However, the potential orchestration of these processes, particularly in humans, needs to be further characterized. Here, we use electrophysiological, behavioral, and molecular indices to noninvasively study cortical plasticity and network stability in humans. We observe indices of local strengthening of prior induced long-term potentiation-like plasticity (paired associative stimulation induced change in motor-evoked potential) and global network stabilization (homeostatic regulation of wake EEG theta activity) after brief periods of nonrapid eye movement sleep compared with wakefulness. The interplay of local sleep slow oscillations and spindle activity, previously related to synaptic refinements during sleep, is identified as a potential mechanism. Our findings are consistent with the notion that sleep-specific brain activity patterns reduce the plasticity-stability dilemma by orchestrating local plasticity and global stability of neural assemblies in the human cortex. Future studies are needed to further decipher the neural mechanisms underlying our indirect observations.


Assuntos
Córtex Cerebral/fisiologia , Potencial Evocado Motor/fisiologia , Plasticidade Neuronal/fisiologia , Fases do Sono/fisiologia , Sono/fisiologia , Adulto , Animais , Ondas Encefálicas/fisiologia , Eletroencefalografia , Fenômenos Eletrofisiológicos , Feminino , Homeostase/fisiologia , Humanos , Potenciação de Longa Duração/fisiologia , Masculino , Sinapses/fisiologia , Vigília/fisiologia , Adulto Jovem
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