Hammerhead flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae, Bipaliinae): mitochondrial genomes and description of two new species from France, Italy, and Mayotte.

BACKGROUND: New records of alien land planarians are regularly reported worldwide, and some correspond to undescribed species of unknown geographic origin. The description of new species of land planarians (Geoplanidae) should classically be based on both external morphology and histology of anatomical structures, especially the copulatory organs, ideally with the addition of molecular data. METHODS: Here, we describe the morphology and reproductive anatomy of a species previously reported as Diversibipalium "black", and the morphology of a species previously reported as Diversibipalium "blue". Based on next generation sequencing, we obtained the complete mitogenome of five species of Bipaliinae, including these two species. RESULTS: The new species Humbertium covidum n. sp. (syn: Diversibipalium "black" of Justine et al., 2018) is formally described on the basis of morphology, histology and mitogenome, and is assigned to Humbertium on the basis of its reproductive anatomy. The type-locality is Casier, Italy, and other localities are in the Department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France; some published or unpublished records suggest that this species might also be present in Russia, China, and Japan. The mitogenomic polymorphism of two geographically distinct specimens (Italy vs France) is described; the cox1 gene displayed 2.25% difference. The new species Diversibipalium mayottensis n. sp. (syn: Diversibipalium "blue" of Justine et al., 2018) is formally described on the basis of external morphology and complete mitogenome and is assigned to Diversibipalium on the basis of an absence of information on its reproductive anatomy. The type- and only known locality is the island of Mayotte in the Mozambique Channel off Africa. Phylogenies of bipaliine geoplanids were constructed on the basis of SSU, LSU, mitochondrial proteins and concatenated sequences of cox1, SSU and LSU. In all four phylogenies, D. mayottensis was the sister-group to all the other bipaliines. With the exception of D. multilineatum which could not be circularised, the complete mitogenomes of B. kewense, B. vagum, B. adventitium, H. covidum and D. mayottensis were colinear. The 16S gene in all bipaliine species was problematic because usual tools were unable to locate its exact position. CONCLUSION: Next generation sequencing, which can provide complete mitochondrial genomes as well as traditionally used genes such as SSU, LSU and cox1, is a powerful tool for delineating and describing species of Bipaliinae when the reproductive structure cannot be studied, which is sometimes the case of asexually reproducing invasive species. The unexpected position of the new species D. mayottensis as sister-group to all other Bipaliinae in all phylogenetic analyses suggests that the species could belong to a new genus, yet to be described.

Historical and fossil evidence of an extinct endemic species of Leiocephalus (Squamata: Leiocephalidae) from the Guadeloupe Islands.

Documenting recent extinction events against the backdrop of increasing human-induced environmental pressure is complicated by the lack of historical and subfossil evidence for most parts of the world. This paucity of data renders it particularly difficult to evaluate the human impact on fragile environments, such as small islands, that may have been heavily altered by historical human exploitation. Here we describe a new species of an extinct Leiocephalus lizard from Guadeloupe, Leiocephalus roquetus sp. nov. based on recent discoveries of both a previously undocumented historically taxidermy specimen and of a large assemblage of subfossil bone remains from La Désirade Island. This new species presents a primitive morphology compared to all extant species of its genus and provides evidence for the past existence of a Lesser Antillean clade of Leiocephalus lizards that was completely wiped out in the centuries following the European colonization of these islands. Our study demonstrates how paleontological approaches can help to better understand the history of human environmental impact as well as the degree of degradation of modern ecosystems.

Perfil e trajetória profissional de egressos de um curso de doutorado¹ / Profile and professional trajectory of graduates of a PhD program / Perfil y trayectoria profesional de los egresados de un curso de doctorado

Este estudo buscou investigar a trajetória profissional dos egressos do doutorado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia da UFMG. Analisou-se a trajetória profissional de 88 doutores dos sexos feminino (56) e masculino (32), com tempos de inserção profissional diferentes, formados entre 2012 e 2018. Usou-se o método de análise documental, com dados obtidos por meio do currículo Lattes e de outras fontes. Avaliaram-se o perfil acadêmico e profissional, a procedência e os destinos profissionais dos egressos. Os resultados apontam que, do total da amostra, 73 egressos (83%) trabalham como docentes de ensino superior público e privado. A quantidade de egressos atuando como docentes coincide com o que relata a literatura, mostrando que a universidade é a principal empregadora dos doutores.

The main objective of this research was to investigate the professional trajectory of the alumni who graduated from the Psychology Doctoral Program at UFMG. We analyzed the professional trajectory of 88 doctors (56 females and 32 males) who graduated from UFMG from 2012 to 2018. The methodology used was documentary analysis, with data obtained through the curriculum Lattes, LinkedIn, among others. This analysis aimed to examine the academic and professional profile of the doctors, origin, and professional destinations. The results showed that, of the total sample, 73 (83%) doctors currently work as teachers in public and private higher education institutions. Moreover, this finding is consistent with previous studies that pointed out that universities are the main employers of doctors.

Este estudio buscó indagar en la trayectoria profesional de los graduados de doctorado del programa de posgrado en Psicología de la UFMG. Se analizó la trayectoria profesional de 88 doctores (56 mujeres y 32 hombres) con diferentes tiempos de inserción, egresados entre 2012 y 2018. Se utilizó el método de análisis de documentos, con datos obtenidos a través del currículum Lattes, LinkedIn, entre otros. Se evaluó el perfil de los egresados, su procedencia y destinos profesionales. Los resultados mostraron que, de la muestra total, 73 egresados (83%) trabajan como profesores de educación superior pública y privada. El número de egresados que actúan como profesores coincide con la literatura, señalando que la universidad es el principal empleador de doctores.