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1.
Ann Surg Oncol ; 31(5): 3495-3501, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38300401

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Previous literatures showed wide range of prevalence of BRAF V600E in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The correlation of BRAF V600E mutation with aggressive tumor characteristics and poor prognosis is controversial. The present study was designed to evaluate the association between BRAF V600E mutation with clinicopathological factors and tumor recurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of 672 patients who underwent thyroid surgery for PTC during 2013 and 2018. The prevalence of the BRAF V600E mutation was studied. Its correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics and aggressive features, including macroscopic extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis, were analyzed with Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: A total of 672 patients who underwent surgical treatment for PTC were included in this study with a mean age of 49.7 (± 13.2) years; 76.8% of the patients were detected with BRAF V600E mutation. Mean tumor size was 1.30 (± 1.07) cm. A significant association was demonstrated between negative BRAF V600E and larger primary tumor size, distant metastasis, and advanced staging (p < 0.05), whereas there was no significant association with age, sex, lymph node metastasis, extrathyroidal extension, and multicentricity. Kaplan-Meier curve showed similar disease-free survival rate between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Negative BRAF V600E tumors show more aggressive behavior with a higher risk of developing distant metastasis in patients with PTC. The usefulness of BRAF in predicting the prognosis of PTC remains questionable. Further molecular analysis should be conducted for contribution to aggressive tumor phenotype.


Assuntos
Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Metástase Linfática , Mutação , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/genética , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/cirurgia , Prognóstico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/genética , Estudos Retrospectivos , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide/genética , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/genética , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/cirurgia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto
2.
Mod Pathol ; 36(9): 100242, 2023 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37307878

RESUMO

Most studies for comprehensive molecular profiling of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) have been performed before the 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) classification, in which the diagnostic criteria of follicular variants of PTC have been modified and noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features has been introduced. This study aims to investigate the shift in the incidence of BRAF V600E mutations in PTCs following the 2017 WHO classification and to further characterize the histologic subtypes and molecular drivers in BRAF-negative cases. The study cohort consisted of 554 consecutive PTCs larger than 0.5 cm between January 2019 and May 2022. Immunohistochemistry for BRAF VE1 was performed for all cases. Compared with a historical cohort of 509 PTCs from November 2013 to April 2018, the incidence of BRAF V600E mutations was significantly higher in the study cohort (86.8% vs 78.8%, P = .0006). Targeted RNA-based next-generation sequencing using a FusionPlex Pan Solid Tumor v2 panel (ArcherDX) was performed for BRAF-negative PTCs from the study cohort. Eight cribriform-morular thyroid carcinomas and 3 cases with suboptimal RNA quality were excluded from next-generation sequencing. A total of 62 BRAF-negative PTCs were successfully sequenced, including 19 classic follicular predominant PTCs, 16 classic PTCs, 14 infiltrative follicular PTCs, 7 encapsulated follicular PTCs, 3 diffuse sclerosing PTCs, 1 tall cell PTC, 1 solid PTC, and 1 diffuse follicular PTC. Among them, RET fusions were identified in 25 cases, NTRK3 fusions in 13 cases, BRAF fusions in 5 cases including a novel TNS1::BRAF fusion, NRAS Q61R mutations in 3 cases, KRAS Q61K mutations in 2 cases, NTRK1 fusions in 2 cases, an ALK fusion in 1 case, an FGFR1 fusion in 1 case, and an HRAS Q61R mutation in 1 case. No genetic variants, from our commercially employed assay, were detected in the remaining 9 cases. In summary, the incidence of BRAF V600E mutations in PTCs significantly increased from 78.8% to 86.8% in our post-2017 WHO classification cohort. RAS mutations accounted for only 1.1% of the cases. Driver gene fusions were identified in 8.5% of PTCs and were clinically relevant given the emerging targeted kinase inhibitor therapy. Of the 1.6% of cases for which no driver alteration was detected, the specificity of drivers tested and tumor classification require further investigation.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Papilar , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide , Humanos , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/genética , Carcinoma Papilar/genética , Carcinoma Papilar/patologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Mutação
3.
World J Surg ; 44(2): 371-377, 2020 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31531721

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Thyroidectomy transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) is a safe and cosmetically appealing alternative for well-selected patients undergoing thyroidectomy. However, during TOETVA, placement of the two lateral trocars and/or manipulation of the surgical instruments through the trocars may potentially injure and/or compress the mental nerve (MN) because the actual location of the nerve foramen may vary among individuals. The MN injury rate was reported to be as high as 75% in the initial period of robotic-assisted TOETVA. To reduce the potential risk of MN injury, we implemented a three-dimensional printing technology to develop a safety device for TOETVA. METHODS: The patient-specific safety device (PSSD) was a brace with an exact fit to the lower teeth and two safety markers on each side to indicate the location of the mental foramen. For patient in whom the brace would not be applicable, a 3D mandibular model was printed as a PSSD instead. We analyzed 66 patients undergoing TOETVA at our institution from March 2017 to March 2019. The preoperative details and complication profiles were also analyzed. RESULTS: With incorporation of the PSSD into our TOETVA procedure, there have been no cases of MN injury. CONCLUSIONS: Our own TOETVA series has demonstrated that the implementation of the PSSD has been successful in preoperatively identifying and preventing the potential risk of MN injury. Although the additional requirements of preoperative CT and time for fabricating the device impose limitations, the influence of the PSSD in TOETVA is positive.


Assuntos
Traumatismos do Nervo Mandibular/prevenção & controle , Impressão Tridimensional , Equipamentos de Proteção , Tireoidectomia/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Endoscopia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tireoidectomia/efeitos adversos , Tireoidectomia/instrumentação , Adulto Jovem
5.
Case Rep Endocrinol ; 2024: 6517236, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38835742

RESUMO

Background: Cribriform morular thyroid carcinoma has been recently renamed in the 2022 WHO classification as a thyroid tumor of uncertain histogenesis. The epidemiologic, pathological, and pathophysiological characteristics distinguish it from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Preoperative genetic testing plays a role in facilitating the differential diagnosis. Methods: This report presents a confirmed case of cribriform morular thyroid carcinoma. Initially, fine-needle aspiration cytology suggested a diagnosis of PTC. However, a genetic analysis did not reveal the typical mutations associated with follicular-cell-derived neoplasms. Results: A 31-year-old woman was found to have a thyroid nodule at the left lobe measuring 11.8 × 10.2 × 12.4 mm. Ultrasonography indicated a hypoechoic, solid nodule with regular margins. Cytology revealed a papillary structure of tall cells, leading to a PTC diagnosis. Nevertheless, the genetic analysis failed to detect mutations such as BRAF V600E, NRAS Q61R, NRAS Q61K, HRAS Q61R, or HRAS Q61K mutation or the fusion of CCDC6-RET, NCOA4-RET, PAX8-PPARG, ETV6-NTRK3, TPM3-NTRK1, IRF2BP2-NTRK1, or SQSTM1-NTRK1 in the aspirated follicular cells. The patient subsequently underwent total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection. Pathological examination revealed a cribriform pattern of spindle-shaped cells with morular areas. Immunohistochemical staining showed positive results for ß-catenin and TTF-1, except in the morular regions, and negative results for PAX8, thyroglobulin, and BRAF (clone VE1). The diagnosis was confirmed to be cribriform morular thyroid carcinoma. Conclusion: Significant cytological similarity exists between PTC and cribriform morular thyroid carcinoma. Preoperative genetic analysis is important to differentiate these two diseases. Cribriform morular thyroid carcinoma can be differentiated from common follicular-cell-derived tumors by the absence of typical mutations; the presence of nuclear and cytoplasmic expressions of ß-catenin; the presence of TTF-1, except in morular areas; and the absence of thyroglobulin.

6.
Diagnostics (Basel) ; 12(2)2022 Feb 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35204482

RESUMO

Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT) provided more detailed parameters in the peripapillary and macular areas among the OCT machines, but it is not easy to understand the enormous information (114 features) generated from Spectralis OCT in glaucoma assessment. Machine learning methodology has been well-applied in glaucoma detection in recent years and has the ability to process a large amount of information at once. Here we aimed to analyze the diagnostic capability of Spectralis OCT parameters on glaucoma detection using Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification method in our population. Our results showed that applying all OCT features with the SVM method had good capability in the detection of glaucomatous eyes (area under curve (AUC) = 0.82), as well as discriminating normal eyes from early, moderate, or severe glaucomatous eyes (AUC = 0.78, 0.89, and 0.93, respectively). Apart from using all OCT features, the minimum rim width (MRW) may be good feature groups to discriminate early glaucomatous from normal eyes (AUC = 0.78). The combination of peripapillary and macular parameters, including MRW_temporal inferior (TI), MRW_global (G), ganglion cell layer (GCL)_outer temporal (T2), GCL_inner inferior (I1), peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness (ppNFLT)_temporal superior (TS), and GCL_inner temporal (T1), provided better results (AUC = 0.84). This study showed promise in glaucoma management in the Taiwanese population. However, further validation study is needed to test the performance of our proposed model in the real world.

7.
J Chin Med Assoc ; 85(3): 279-285, 2022 03 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35259131

RESUMO

Calcimimetics is a new drug for lowering serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium and phosphate in patients with hyperparathyroidism (HPT) on long-term dialysis. It became available on market in 2006. The impact of calcimimetics on the treatment by parathyroidectomy (PTx) was reviewed from the surgeons' point of view. Cure of renal HPT by calcimimetics is not feasible, but calcimimetics can improve preoperative cardiac ventricle ejection fractions by lowering serum PTH. Heart failure is not necessarily a contraindication for PTx. PTx should be done before irreversible organ damage occurs. Limb gangrenes is an ominous sign and should be prevented by frequent checkup for peripheral arterial circulation. The impact of renal osteodystrophy on the quality of life and as indirect cause of mortality deserves more attention in patients with renal HPT. Delayed referral to PTx leads to more complicated patients. A consensus between nephrologists and surgeons about propitious timing for PTx is necessary. Future prospect on the surgical treatment of renal HPT is proposed. Supplemental figure; http://links.lww.com/ASAIO/A782.


Assuntos
Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário , Cirurgiões , Humanos , Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/tratamento farmacológico , Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/etiologia , Hiperparatireoidismo Secundário/cirurgia , Hormônio Paratireóideo , Paratireoidectomia/efeitos adversos , Paratireoidectomia/métodos , Qualidade de Vida , Diálise Renal/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos
8.
Pharmaceutics ; 13(12)2021 Nov 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34959268

RESUMO

The anticancer properties of fucoidan have been widely studied in cancer research. However, the lack of safety information on the parenteral administration of fucoidan and its rapid clearance from the system have limited its application. Herein, we assessed the therapeutic efficacy and safety of fucoidan and developed fucoidan nanoparticles (FuNPs) to enhance their therapeutic effect in the mouse model of breast cancer. FuNPs were synthesized through the emulsion method, and the stable colloid has an average size of 216.3 nm. FuNPs were efficiently internalized into breast cancer cells in vitro, demonstrating an enhanced antitumor activity in comparison with free form fucoidan. After the treatment of FuNPs, the tumor progression was significantly inhibited in viv. The tumor volume was reduced by 2.49-fold compared with the control group. Moreover, the inhibition of the invasion of tumor cells into the lungs revealed the antimetastatic properties of the FuNPs. FuNPs, as naturally marine polysaccharide-based nanoparticles, have shown their broader therapeutic window and enhanced antimetastatic ability, opening an avenue to the development of the inherently therapeutic nanomedicines.

9.
Pancreas ; 50(10): 1415-1421, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35041341

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Acute pancreatitis can usually recover after conservative treatment. Five to 10 percent of acute pancreatitis may proceed into peripancreatic fluid collection and necrosis development, called necrotizing pancreatitis (NP), which has a high mortality rate. If it is accompanied by the occurrence of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and does not respond to medical therapy, surgical intervention is indicated. METHODS: We analyzed our experience of surgical intervention strategies for NP patients with medically irreversible ACS from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2018. RESULTS: Of the 47 NP patients with ACS, mean Ranson score was 6.5, mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score was 22.2, and Modified computed tomography severity index score was all 8 or greater. The mean total postoperative hospital length of stay was 80.2 days, of which the mean intensive care unit length of stay was 16.6 days. The overall complication rate was 31.9%. The mortality rate was 8.5%. Among the 47 patients, only fungemia was significantly associated with mortality incidence. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of multiple drainage tube placement, feeding jejunostomy, and ileostomy at the same time were effective surgical intervention strategies for NP patients with ACS, which brought a lower mortality rate.


Assuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/métodos , Hipertensão Intra-Abdominal/cirurgia , Pancreatite Necrosante Aguda/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão Intra-Abdominal/etiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde/métodos , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Pancreatite Necrosante Aguda/complicações , Estudos Retrospectivos
10.
J Surg Res ; 158(1): 15-9, 2010 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19765735

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Carcinoid cancers are the most common neuroendocrine (NE) tumors, and limited treatment options exist. The inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) has been shown to be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of carcinoid disease. In this study, we investigate the ability of MG-132, a proteasome inhibitor, to inhibit carcinoid growth, the neuroendocrine phenotype, and its association with GSK-3beta. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human pulmonary (NCI-H727) and gastrointestinal (BON) carcinoid cells were treated with MG-132 (0-4microM). Cellular growth was measured by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Levels of total and phosphorylated GSK-3beta and the NE markers chromogranin A (CgA), Achaete-Scute complex-like 1 (ASCL1), as well as the apoptotic markers poly (ADP-ribose), polymerase (PARP), and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Treating carcinoid cells with MG-132 resulted in growth inhibition, a dose-dependent inhibition of CgA and ASCL1, as well as an increase in the levels of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3. Additionally, an increase in the level of phosphorylated GSK-3beta was observed. CONCLUSION: MG-132 inhibits cellular growth and the neuroendocrine phenotype. This proteasome inhibitor warrants further preclinical investigation as a possible therapeutic strategy for intractable carcinoid disease.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Tumor Carcinoide/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores de Cisteína Proteinase/farmacologia , Leupeptinas/farmacologia , Sistemas Neurossecretores/efeitos dos fármacos , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Transcrição Hélice-Alça-Hélice Básicos/análise , Tumor Carcinoide/patologia , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromogranina A/análise , Quinase 3 da Glicogênio Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Quinase 3 da Glicogênio Sintase/metabolismo , Glicogênio Sintase Quinase 3 beta , Humanos , Fenótipo , Fosforilação , Células Tumorais Cultivadas
11.
Endocr Pathol ; 31(4): 348-358, 2020 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32880785

RESUMO

NTRK1/3 rearrangements have been reported in 2.3-3.4% of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and are regarded as potential therapeutic targets. Recently, the application of immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect NTRK rearrangements has been widely discussed. The current study aimed to characterize the clinicopathological features of PTC with NTRK1/3 fusions, to examine the utility of pan-TRK IHC, and to compare IHC with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). In a cohort of 525 consecutive PTC cases, 60 BRAFV600E-negative cases underwent complete analyses of FISH, and 12 (2.3%) cases with NTRK1/3 break-apart were found. A novel ERC1-NTRK3 fusion was identified by NGS in one case. Pathological features of non-infiltrative tumor border, clear cell change, and reduced nuclear elongation and irregularity were significantly more common in NTRK1/3-rearranged PTC when compared with 48 BRAFV600E-negative non-NTRK1/3 PTC cases. In whole tissue sections, pan-TRK IHC was positive in 3/7 (42.9%) cases with an ETV6-NTRK3 rearrangement including 2 cases with low percentage of stained tumor cells, 2/3 (66.7%) with non-ETV6 NTRK3 rearrangements, and 2/2 (100%) with NTRK1 rearrangements. All FISH-negative cases were negative for pan-TRK in tissue microarray sections. As a result, pan-TRK IHC showed a sensitivity of 58.3% and specificity of 100% for NTRK1/3 rearrangements in BRAFV600E-negative PTC. In conclusion, NTRK1/3-rearranged PTC shared some unique morphologic features. Pan-TRK IHC showed high specificity and moderate sensitivity for NTRK1/3-rearranged PTC and should be interpreted with caution due to staining heterogeneity. Based on the above findings, we propose an algorithm integrating morphology, IHC, and molecular testing to detect NTRK1/3 rearrangements in PTC.


Assuntos
Receptor trkA/genética , Receptor trkC/genética , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide/genética , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Feminino , Rearranjo Gênico , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fusão Oncogênica , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Adulto Jovem
12.
J Chin Med Assoc ; 83(10): 923-930, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33009242

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Thyroid tumors are the most frequent neoplasm of the endocrine system. The major treatment is surgical intervention followed by radioiodine therapy. The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) has positive expression in thyroid carcinomas with good prognoses and plays a critical role in radioiodine therapy response. Low expression of NIS always leads to tumor recurrence or treatment failure. Redifferentiation therapy is more tumor specific than chemotherapy. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonists and retinoids are two types of redifferentiating agents. In this study, we examined whether the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone and retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist bexarotene could increase NIS expression and exhibit anticancer activity in human thyroid cancer cells. METHODS: Using a TCGA data set, we analyzed the expression of NIS (SLC5A5), PPARγ, and RXR in clinical thyroid tumors and assessed their correlations with the relapse-free survival (RFS) of thyroid tumor patients. Moreover, two human thyroid cancer cell lines, differentiated thyroid papillary BCPAP cells and follicular follicular thyroid cancer-131 cells, were treated with different concentrations of the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone alone or in combination with the RXR agonist bexarotene. Cell growth was analyzed by the MTT assay. NIS protein expression was determined by Western blotting. RESULTS: From analysis of the TCGA data set, we found that thyroid tumors have lower expression of both NIS (SLC5A5) and PPARγ than nontumor controls. Higher expression levels of NIS, PPARγ, and RXR are associated with higher RFS in patients with thyroid tumors. Moreover, rosiglitazone treatment reduced cell growth and increased NIS protein expression in thyroid cancer cells under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. In addition, bexarotene potentiated the effects of rosiglitazone on cell growth and NIS protein expression. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the combination of PPARγ and RXR agonists has potential as a chemotherapeutic strategy for thyroid cancer.


Assuntos
Bexaroteno/farmacologia , PPAR gama/agonistas , Receptores X de Retinoides/agonistas , Rosiglitazona/farmacologia , Simportadores/genética , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/tratamento farmacológico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Transição Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Humanos , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Hipóxia Tumoral
13.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) ; 68(4): 520-8, 2008 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17973936

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Parathyroidectomy (PTx) for high-risk primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) patients poses a surgical challenge. We hypothesize that a minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) under local anaesthesia may minimize the perioperative risks and facilitate easier clinical care than medical treatment for these patients. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: We performed a prospective, nonrandomized, controlled study of 33 PHPT patients evaluated as poor general anaesthesia risks. The outline of the diseased parathyroids and the thyroid were mapped by Tc(99m) sestamibi scan and focused sonogram. MIPs were performed under local anaesthesia (group 1, 19 patients). Medical treatment with bisphosphonates was continued for patients refusing operation (group 2, 14 patients). MEASUREMENTS: Serum Ca, PO(4), and i-PTH were measured the following morning, every 6 months in the first postoperative year and then yearly for group 1 patients, or every 3 months for group 2 patients. American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class designations were re-evaluated every 3 months. RESULTS: In group 1, there were no operative complications, mortality or recurrent hypercalcaemia during a mean follow-up of 35.5 months. Group 2 patients had a significantly higher incidence of episodes of hypercalcaemic crisis, deteriorating renal function and weight-bearing bone fractures, while group 1 patients had a higher incidence of improved ASA and NYHA class, better 3-year overall survival rate (83.1%vs. 60.8%, P = 0.032), and less medical costs. CONCLUSION: MIP can be safely performed under local anaesthesia and it facilitates clinical care in high-risk PHPT patients. It is recommended for those selected by image localization.


Assuntos
Hiperparatireoidismo/cirurgia , Paratireoidectomia/métodos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anestesia Local , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Assistência Perioperatória , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Resultado do Tratamento
14.
Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol ; 57(5): 683-687, 2018 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30342651

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the normal values of flow mediated dilatation (FMD) in Taiwanese women with normal singleton pregnancies for the early detection of preeclampsia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data of women with normal singleton pregnancies seen at the Tri-Service General Hospital and Taiji Clinic between January 2014 and December 2015 were collected and analyzed. FMD was measured using high-resolution ultrasonography of the brachial artery for the assessment of endothelial function at the first and second trimester. The relationship between the FMD values and maternal gestational age was analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 122 pregnant women were included in the study. Systole FMD values first and second trimester were 9.05 ± 3.72 and 10.93 ± 3.74, respectively; and the diastole were 9.24 ± 3.64 and 11.18 ± 3.93, respectively. FMD and gestational age were positively correlated (systole, p = 0.0175; diastole, p = 0.0149). CONCLUSION: The normal values of FMD in Taiwanese women with normal singleton pregnancies were established, and data suggests that both systolic and diastolic FMD increase with gestational age. Because of the high failure rate, measurement of FMD may not be suitable as a routine clinical examination.


Assuntos
Artéria Braquial , Pré-Eclâmpsia/diagnóstico , Vasodilatação/fisiologia , Adulto , Diagnóstico Precoce , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Pré-Eclâmpsia/fisiopatologia , Gravidez , Taiwan , Ultrassonografia Doppler de Pulso
15.
Hepatogastroenterology ; 54(77): 1458-61, 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17708276

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hemorrhage occurs in 15-25% of duodenal ulcers, mostly on the posterior wall of the proximal duodenum. Erosion of the gastroduodenal artery is responsible for serious hemorrhages. Therefore, the relationship between bile duct and gastroduodenal artery should be discerned to prevent bile duct injury. METHODOLOGY: Cadavers from 52 Chinese adults (44 males, 8 females) were dissected for the anatomic relationships of the GDA and bile duct. RESULTS: The gastroduodenal artery has many possible origins, with the common hepatic artery (92.3%) the most common. The mean distance between gastroduodenal artery and pylorus was 2.7 cm; arterial length (from its origin) was 1.2 cm. The relationships between gastroduodenal artery and bile duct could be divided into 4 anatomic types according to Prudhomme's classification. We found 22 samples (42%) of Type 1; 10 samples (19%) of Type 2; 14 samples (27%) of Type 3 (in 8 samples of Type 3, there was about 8mm thickness of pancreatic tissue between the artery and the bile duct); 6 samples (12%) of Type 4. In 12 cases (24%) there was no interposed pancreatic tissue. CONCLUSIONS: These anatomic variations could lead to injury during surgical intervention. Our study provides detailed information about anatomic variability in Chinese adults that may help avoid such injury to the common bile duct during duodenal bleeding hemostasis.


Assuntos
Duodeno/irrigação sanguínea , Estômago/irrigação sanguínea , Adulto , Artérias/anatomia & histologia , Artérias/cirurgia , Cadáver , China , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
16.
Virchows Arch ; 449(1): 62-8, 2006 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16670929

RESUMO

The lack of overt elevation of serum calcium concentration in some patients suffering from primary hyperparathyroidism is an intriguing clinical phenomenon. Previous studies have substantiated abnormal parathyroid tissue in these patients, but the extent and mode of derangements remained largely undefined. The parathyroid tissues from patients of normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (NCPHPT) and those having normal parathyroid glands, hypercalcemic primary hyperplasia, secondary hyperplasia, and adenoma were compared by undertaking quantitative immunohistochemistry analysis on tissue microarray. The statistic results suggested that the parathyroid tissue of NCPHPT approximates more to normal gland than to its counterpart in other groups of parathyroid proliferative diseases in terms of the lack of significant alterations of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), chromogranin A (CGA), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and proliferation index (Ki67). On the other hand, the depressed vitamin D receptor (VitDR) and elevated cyclin D1 (CyD1) of NCPHPT indicated the inherent functional abnormalities in parathyroid cells. Our results imply that inherent functional disengagement may exist between CaSR and CyD1 or between CaSR and VitDR or both in parathyroid cells of symptomatic NCPHPT. Lack of enhanced release of CGA and PTH and discordance between proliferative activity and CyD1 expression in parathyroid cells may further hinder the development of hypercalcemia.


Assuntos
Hipertireoidismo/patologia , Cálculos Renais/patologia , Glândulas Paratireoides/patologia , Cálcio/sangue , Feminino , Técnica Direta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Humanos , Hipercalcemia/sangue , Hipercalcemia/complicações , Hipercalcemia/patologia , Hiperplasia , Hipertireoidismo/sangue , Hipertireoidismo/complicações , Cálculos Renais/sangue , Cálculos Renais/complicações , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Glândulas Paratireoides/metabolismo , Recidiva , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/sangue , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/complicações , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Análise Serial de Tecidos
17.
J Am Coll Surg ; 203(5): 715-22, 2006 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17084334

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Insular thyroid carcinoma is a distinctive clinicopathologic entity with aggressive behavior and frequent lethal disease. But because it is rare, no single institute has sufficient experience with the clinicopathologic features and treatment effect of radioiodine. A literature review and collective analysis might facilitate patient management. METHODS: From January 1991 to December 2005, 9 patients with insular thyroid carcinoma were diagnosed in Taipei Veterans General Hospital. Clinicopathologic data were collected for analysis. The English literature about insular carcinoma was searched in Medline. Patients with detailed descriptions of treatment and followup were enrolled. Clinicopathologic features, rate of lymph node and distant metastasis, and prognostic factors were analyzed. RESULTS: Seventy-three of 486 patients collected from 23 articles with detailed description of treatment and followup were combined with our 9 patients for analysis, making a total of 82 patients in this article. The mean period of patient followup was 84.5 months. There were 26 (31.7%) men and 56 (68.3%) women. The rate of lymph node metastasis was 49%, and distant metastasis was 57.5%. Disease-specific death rate was 37.8%. The 5- and 10-year survival rates of insular carcinoma were 72.2% and 52%, respectively. Patient age older than 45 years (p=0.0004) and distant metastasis (p<0.0001) were poor prognostic factors. Use of radioiodine therapy (p=0.9789) and radiation therapy (p=0.2172) were not associated with prolonged survival. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with insular thyroid carcinoma have unfavorable outcomes. Postoperative radioiodine therapy or radiotherapy seemed not to be strongly associated with prolonged survival.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Radioisótopos do Iodo/uso terapêutico , Metástase Linfática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Análise de Sobrevida , Taiwan/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/radioterapia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/terapia
18.
Thyroid ; 26(5): 691-704, 2016 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26914762

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The association of BRAF(V600E) with the clinical manifestations of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains controversial. Recent studies have shown that the BRAF pseudogene can activate the MAPK pathway and induce tumorigenesis. This study investigated the association of BRAF(V600E), the BRAF pseudogene, and their mRNA levels with clinical features and thyroid-specific gene expression in conventional PTCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 78 specimens were collected from patients with conventional PTCs. RNA was isolated, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the mRNA levels of BRAF, the BRAF pseudogene, and thyroid-specific and tumor-related genes. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of BRAF, ERK, sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), thyrotropin receptor, glucose transporter 1, and Ki67 was also performed. RESULTS: BRAF(V600E) and the BRAF pseudogene were detected in 73.0% (57/78) and 91.7% (44/48), respectively, of the conventional PTCs. The presence of BRAF(V600E) was not associated with the multiple clinical features assessed or the recurrence rate during 76.9 ± 47.2 months of follow-up. Neither was it associated with IHC staining or tumor-related/thyroid-specific gene expression, except for decreased NIS gene expression. The BRAF pseudogene was not associated with clinical characteristics or thyroid-specific gene expression, except for decreased decoy receptor 3 (DCR3) expression. High BRAF mRNA levels were associated with bilateral and multifocal lesions, and BRAF-pseudogene mRNA levels were positively correlated with BRAF mRNA levels (r = 0.415, p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: These results do not support the use of the BRAF(V600E) mutation as a prognostic marker of conventional PTC. However, the association of high BRAF mRNA levels with more advanced clinical features suggests that BRAF mRNA levels might be a more useful clinical marker of PTCs, independent of the BRAF(V600E) mutation status. The correlation between BRAF-pseudogene mRNA levels and BRAF mRNA levels in PTCs is in agreement with the hypothesis that the BRAF pseudogene regulates BRAF expression during tumorigenesis by acting as competitive noncoding RNA. However, additional studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Papilar/genética , Mutação , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/genética , Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/genética , Adulto , Carcinoma Papilar/metabolismo , Carcinoma Papilar/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/metabolismo , Pseudogenes , Membro 6b de Receptores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral/genética , Membro 6b de Receptores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral/metabolismo , Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia
19.
Thyroid ; 23(6): 720-6, 2013 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23186064

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (DSV-PTC) is a unique variant of PTC that is characterized by extensive lymphovascular invasion of tumor cells in a background of lymphocytic thyroiditis. The lymphatic emboli contain tumor cells as well as macrophages, but the recruitment of these macrophages is not well understood. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the expression of Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3), the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and lymphatic invasion in DSV-PTC. METHODS: We retrospectively examined 14 cases of DSV-PTC using immunohistochemistry studies. The density of TAMs, lymphatic vessel density, lymphatic invasion, tumor emboli area, and DcR3 expression were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed using Fisher's exact test, unpaired t-test, and linear regression. RESULTS: The lymphatic tumor emboli contained a relatively higher density of TAMs than stroma and classical PTC (CPTC) areas. In addition, the number of lymphatic invasions and the size of the tumor emboli area were positively correlated with the number of M2 TAMs. A higher density of M2 TAMs was associated with older patients and larger tumor size. Moreover, DcR3 was expressed only in lymphatic tumor cells and squamous metaplastic tumor cells, but not in macrophages and CPTC. In addition, the preferential expression of DcR3 in tumors was associated with higher levels of M2 TAMs and lymphatic invasion. CONCLUSION: Despite the fact that the exact relationship between DcR3, M2 macrophages, and lymphatic invasion in DSV-PTC remains to be elucidated, our findings suggest that DcR3 expression in DSV-PTC tumor cells may promote the polarized macrophage differentiation toward the M2 phenotype. This phenomenon may further promote lymphatic invasion of DSV-PTC tumor cells.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Papilar/metabolismo , Macrófagos/patologia , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Membro 6b de Receptores do Fator de Necrose Tumoral/metabolismo , Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Carcinoma/imunologia , Carcinoma/metabolismo , Carcinoma/patologia , Carcinoma Papilar/imunologia , Carcinoma Papilar/patologia , Carcinoma Papilar/secundário , Diferenciação Celular , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Metástase Linfática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Esclerose , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide , Glândula Tireoide/imunologia , Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/imunologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Carga Tumoral
20.
Clin Exp Metastasis ; 30(3): 299-307, 2013 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23015367

RESUMO

We previously showed that the preservation of neural adhesion molecule (NCAM) in differentiated thyroid carcinoma is an important indicator for a higher risk of distant metastasis. In the present study, we further demonstrated that forced NCAM-140 isoform expression in human thyroid cancer cells could lead to aggressive growth by enhancing migration and anchorage-independent growth, and exhibiting partial features of epithelial mesenchymal transition. More extensive distant metastasis was also noted in an animal xenograft model when NCAM-expressing thyroid cancer cells were introduced into mice intravascularly. Bioinformatic analysis of NCAM-associated expression profiles predicted a highly interactive protein network, which further implies potential molecular mechanisms underlying the metastatic processes of thyroid cancer.


Assuntos
Moléculas de Adesão de Célula Nervosa/metabolismo , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Animais , Western Blotting , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Humanos , Camundongos , Metástase Neoplásica , Moléculas de Adesão de Célula Nervosa/genética , Isoformas de Proteínas/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Transplante Heterólogo
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