RESUMO
The coronavirus disease pandemic was declared in March 2020, as the southern hemisphere's winter approached. Australia expected co-circulation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, influenza and other seasonal respiratory viruses. However, influenza notifications were 7,029 (March-September) compared with an average 149,832 for the same period in 2015-2019 [corrected], despite substantial testing. Restrictions on movement within and into Australia may have temporarily eliminated influenza. Other respiratory pathogens also showed remarkably changed activity in 2020.
Assuntos
Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Notificação de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Austrália/epidemiologia , COVID-19 , Coronavirus , Monitoramento Epidemiológico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pandemias , Vigilância da População , SARS-CoV-2 , Estações do Ano , Vigilância de Evento SentinelaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To estimate influenza vaccine coverage and effectiveness against medically attended laboratory-confirmed influenza for the 2012 season. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Test-negative design involving patients recruited as part of the Australian Sentinel Practices Research Network, a network of sentinel general practitioners throughout Australia. Throughout 2012, at the discretion of the GP at one of 102 participating practices, patients presenting with influenza-like illness were swabbed and included in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimated as (1-OR)*100% by logistic regression. RESULTS: 1775 patients were swabbed. The epidemic period was identified as Weeks 10 to 43 of 2012. After exclusions, there were 1414 patients for the VE analysis, including 593 (42%) who tested influenza-positive and 821 who tested negative. 27% of test-negative patients were vaccinated, of whom most were aged 50 years and over. The overall VE, adjusted for age group, month of presentation and state or territory, was 23% (95% CI, -4% to 43%) against all influenza types, 15% (95% CI, -17% to 38%) against influenza A, 13% (95% CI, -20% to 36%) against influenza A(not H1) and 53% (95% CI, 5% to 77%) against influenza B. CONCLUSION: Vaccination against influenza was modestly protective, reducing the risk of medical presentation with influenza by around 23%.