RESUMO
Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) is a rare condition characterized by multiple gas filled cysts in the intestinal wall. The diagnosis of PCI is usually made by colonoscopy, histology, or radiologic findings. We report a case of PCI in a 35-year-old man. The patient initially complained of watery diarrhea and abdominal bloating for 2 weeks. Simple abdominal X-ray demonstrated numerous, small, round, air densities on the right upper abdomen along the ascending and proximal transverse colon. Colonoscopy revealed numerous, 5-20 mm sized, sessile polypoid, balloon-like distended, protruding subepithelial masses covered with normal colonic mucosa from cecum to proximal transverse colon. We performed a CT colonoscopy and confirmed PCI with multiple air-filled cystic masses along the colonic wall from cecum to proximal transverse colon. The patient was treated with antibiotics and oxygen inhalation for 2 weeks. Follow-up CT colonoscopy revealed marked regression in the number and size of the air-filled cystic masses. Herein, we report the first case of the PCI in Korea diagnosed by CT colonoscopy. Follow-up evaluation with CT colonoscopy was performed after the treatment of the PCI. CT colonoscopy is a useful non-invasive diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis.