RESUMO
The expression of melanoma antigen gene (MAGE), coding for tumor antigens recognized by cytotoxic T cell, is highly specific to cancer cells, but their use in the detection of a few cancer cells by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been limited by the low frequency of expression of individual MAGE genes. In order to increase MAGE detection rate in RT-PCR assay, here, we designed multiple MAGEs recognizing primers (MMRPs) that can bind to the sequences of cDNA of MAGE-1, -2, -3, -4a, -4b, -5a, -5b and-6 (MAGE 1-6) together. The nested RT-PCR assay using MMRPs, MAGE 1-6 assay, detected MAGE messages of 1 to 5 SNU484 cells in a background of 10(7) SNU638 cells. MAGE detection rate of MAGE 1-6 assay in cancers was higher than that of nested RT-PCR that detects single MAGE gene expression. The expressions of MAGE genes was detected by MAGE 1-6 assay in 70.4% (19/27) of head and neck cancer tissues, 91.7% (11/12) of breast cancer tissues, 75% (9/12) of lung cancer tissues. However, they were not detected in 18 benign lesions and 20 normal head and neck tissues and 30 blood samples from healthy donor. In conclusions, MAGE 1-6 assay can detect any cancer cells that express at least one of eight MAGE subtype genes, and this method may be very useful for the diagnosis of MAGE-expressing cancers.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Neoplasias/análise , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Antígenos de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Antígenos de Neoplasias/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/biossíntese , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Células Sanguíneas/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Feminino , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/genética , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/metabolismo , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Antígenos Específicos de Melanoma , Proteínas de Neoplasias/análise , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , RNA Neoplásico/biossíntese , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
The human neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) gene was originally discovered because of its deletion in infantile spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a childhood genetic disorder characterized by motor neuron loss and progressive paralysis with muscular atrophy. Although SMA is now known to be caused by deletions of survival motor neuron (SMN), the fact that NAIP is an anti-apoptotic protein is consistent with the NAIP gene modifying SMA severity. Here we report the cloning of a 1.5 kb rat NAIP cDNA fragment which contains BIR-3 (third baculovirus inhibitory repeat) domain. This fragment shows 78% homology to the human NAIP and 86% homology to the murine counterpart. We have investigated the distribution of NAIP mRNA expressing neurons by in situ RT-PCR technique in the rat central nervous system (CNS). Although all of the neurons appeared to express NAIP mRNA ubiquitously, pronounced elevation of NAIP mRNA expression was observed in the areas innervated by glutamatergic neurons after kainic acid (KA) injection. We have raised an anti-rat NAIP antiserum in rabbits using NAIP cDNA and recombinant rat NAIP, and carried out an immunohistological investigation. We observed highly immunoreactive neuronal subpopulations in the retinal ganglion, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, basal forebrain, thalamus, areas of midbrain, Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, and motor neurons in the spinal cord. Increased immunoreactivity of glutamatergic neurons was also observed broadly in the CNS after KA treatment. This study provides additional evidence that expression of mRNA and gene products of NAIP seem to be regulated in response to excessive stimuli or injuries in rat CNS, and these results are compatible with an anti-apoptotic role of NAIP in acute SMA as well as in brain injuries.
Assuntos
Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Neurônios/metabolismo , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Sistema Nervoso Central/metabolismo , Clonagem Molecular , DNA Complementar , Soros Imunes , Imuno-Histoquímica , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/química , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/imunologia , Proteína Inibidora de Apoptose Neuronal , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase ReversaRESUMO
Urolithiasis and calcium oxalate crystal deposition diseases are still significant medical problems. In the course of nephrocalcin cDNA cloning, we have identified FKBP-12 as an inhibitory molecule of calcium oxalate crystal growth. lambdagt 11 cDNA libraries were constructed from renal carcinoma tissues and screened for nephrocalcin cDNA clones using anti-nephrocalcin antibody as a probe. Clones expressing recombinant proteins, which appeared to be antigenically cross-reactive to nephrocalcin, were isolated and their DNA sequences and inhibitory activities on the calcium oxalate crystal growth were determined. One of the clone lambda gt 11 #31-1 had a partial fragment (80 bp) of FKBP-12 cDNA as an insert. Therefore, a full-length FKBP-12 cDNA was PCR-cloned from the lambda gt 11 renal carcinoma cDNA library and was subcloned into an expression vector. The resultant recombinant FKBP-12 exhibited an inhibitory activity on the calcium oxalate crystal growth (Kd=10(-7) M). Physiological effect of the extracellular FKBP-12 was investigated in terms of macrophage activation and proinflammatory cytokine gene induction. Extracellular FKBP-12 failed to activate macrophages even at high concentrations. FKBP-12 seems an anti-stone molecule for the oxalate crystal deposition disease and recurrent stone diseases.