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1.
Child Dev ; 94(5): 1136-1161, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37363898

RESUMO

In a Registered Report, the authors propose a new survey-bias-mitigation method-incorporating inverse probability weighting via boosted regression-to better understand lesbian, gay, bisexual, or questioning (LGBQ)-heterosexual youth risk disparities. This method is tested using the 2019 US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-collected Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) national data, which contain 12,847 observations (ages 12-18 [M = 16, SD = 1.25]; 49.1% male [8.7% LGBQ] and 50.9% female [22.4% LGBQ]; nationally representative regarding race and ethnicity). Looking across 44 outcomes, the authors found that the YRBS contains responses that are potentially biased against LGBQ youth in systematic ways, inflating perceived risk for this group in some outcomes. This potential bias is more pronounced among reported males than among reported females, and it is more pronounced for low-incidence outcomes. For example, the steroid-use disparity estimate among reported males reduced by 67%, while the reduction in bullying victimization was small and not statistically significant. The authors discuss robustness of results, the new method, and data policy implications.


Assuntos
Homossexualidade Feminina , Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero , Masculino , Humanos , Adolescente , Feminino , Heterossexualidade , Bissexualidade , Comportamento Sexual
2.
Am J Public Health ; 108(S4): S258-S265, 2018 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30383423

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To determine how sensitive estimates of lesbian, gay, bisexual, or questioning (LGBQ)-heterosexual youth health disparities are to the presence of potentially mischievous responders. METHODS: We used US data from the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, pooled across jurisdictions that included a question about sexual identity for a total sample of 148 960 students. We used boosted regressions (a machine-learning technique) to identify unusual patterns of responses to 7 screener items presumably unrelated to LGBQ identification, which generated an index of suspected mischievousness. We estimated LGBQ-heterosexual youth disparities on 20 health outcomes; then we removed 1% of suspected mischievous responders at a time and re-estimated disparities to assess the robustness of original estimates. RESULTS: Accounting for suspected mischievousness reduced estimates of the average LGBQ-heterosexual youth health disparity by up to 46% for boys and 23% for girls; however, screening did not affect all outcomes equally. Drug- and alcohol-related disparities were most affected, particularly among boys, but bullying and suicidal ideation were unaffected. CONCLUSIONS: Including screener items in public health data sets and performing rigorous sensitivity analyses can support the validity of youth health estimates.


Assuntos
Bissexualidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Homossexualidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários/estatística & dados numéricos , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Assunção de Riscos , Adulto Jovem
3.
J Youth Adolesc ; 46(7): 1515-1532, 2017 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28439741

RESUMO

A vast literature has found longitudinal effects of early life stress on substance use and self-regulatory processes. These associations may vary by period-specific development among youth involved in the juvenile justice system. The current study used an accelerated longitudinal design and auto-regressive latent trajectory with structure residuals (ALT-SR) model to examine the within-person cross-lagged associations between binge drinking, impulse control, and victimization from 15 to 25 years of age. A large sample (N = 1100) of justice-involved youth were followed longitudinally for 7 years (M age baseline = 15.8, M age conclusion = 22.8). In general, the sample was ethnically diverse (41% Black, 34% Hispanic, 21% White, 4.3% Other) and primarily male (87.2%). Participants reported on their frequency of binge drinking, impulse control, and frequency of victimization at each time point. The results indicated that, during adolescence, victimization and binge drinking attenuated impulse control, which resulted in more binge drinking and victimization during young adulthood. The current study highlights the importance of assessing developmental processes and period-specific transitions among at risk youth, especially for youth experiencing early life stress.


Assuntos
Consumo Excessivo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Consumo Excessivo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/psicologia , Bullying , Vítimas de Crime/psicologia , Vítimas de Crime/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos Disruptivos, de Controle do Impulso e da Conduta/epidemiologia , Transtornos Disruptivos, de Controle do Impulso e da Conduta/psicologia , Delinquência Juvenil/psicologia , Delinquência Juvenil/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Maus-Tratos Infantis/psicologia , Maus-Tratos Infantis/estatística & dados numéricos , Criminosos , Feminino , Humanos , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Estatística como Assunto , Adulto Jovem
5.
JAMA Pediatr ; 2024 Aug 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39186300

RESUMO

This cross-sectional study describes gender differences in adolescent school climate, health, and social supports, including who depressed or anxious youth seek help from.

6.
Science ; 368(6497): 1317-1319, 2020 06 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32554586
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