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1.
Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med ; 7(4): 246-249, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38353194

RESUMO

Introduction: Acute aortic syndrome (AAS) includes the disease processes of aortic dissection, penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer, and intramural hematoma. This case demonstrates an atypical presentation of the disease and offers approaches to potentially prevent missed diagnoses. Case Report: An 87-year-old female with hypertension and Alzheimer's dementia presented to the emergency department with stable vital signs and a chief complaint of throat pain. Initial work-up was significant for ischemia on electrocardiogram and elevated troponin. Computed tomography of the soft tissue neck revealed evidence of a ruptured aorta. Conclusion: Aortic rupture is a fatal complication of AAS. In an elderly patient with a history of hypertension, ischemic changes on electrocardiogram, and nonspecific pain, AAS should be on the emergency physician's differential even in the setting of a benign or limited history and exam.

2.
Front Med (Lausanne) ; 7: 435, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32850916

RESUMO

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has continued its global spread since the first documented case in late 2019 in Wuhan, China. With over 10 million cases and 500 thousand deaths reported worldwide, the need for an effective treatment regimen is evident. Historically, convalescent plasma (CP) has been utilized in the treatment of viral respiratory pathogens. Critically ill patients with COVID-19 in China and South Korea have been treated with CP given the ineffectiveness of experimental therapies with antivirals alone. This commentary explores the importance of published experience and the pending establishment of efficacy to facilitate an informed decision regarding the therapeutic use of CP. With increasing mortality around the world from COVID-19 infection, the need for alternative, effective treatment regimens is critical.

3.
Neuroscience ; 388: 330-346, 2018 09 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30076998

RESUMO

The brain is capable of improving from a chronically stressed state. The hippocampus in particular appears to "recover" from chronic stress-induced morphological and functional deficits following a post-stress rest period of several weeks. We previously found that hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was necessary for spatial ability to improve following a post-stress rest period. The following studies are the first to investigate the involvement of BDNF and its TrkB receptor on the recovery process following the end of chronic stress, as it pertains to hippocampal dendritic retraction and spatial memory deficits. In the first study, hippocampal BDNF was downregulated via RNA interference and then hippocampal CA3 and CA1 dendritic complexity were evaluated following chronic stress and a post-stress rest period in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Downregulating hippocampal BDNF prevented the enhancement of CA3 apical dendritic complexity following the rest period. Moreover, chronic stress and downregulated BDNF in the post-stress rest group led to regionally specific enhancements in CA1 dendritic complexity. In the second study, we tested whether the TrkB receptor was involved by administering daily systemic injections of ANA-12, a TrkB receptor antagonist, during the three-week post-stress rest period. ANA-12 prevented the improvement in spatial ability and CA3 apical dendritic complexity following the post-stress rest period. These data demonstrate that hippocampal BDNF acting via its TrkB receptor is necessary during the post-stress rest period in order to improve the impaired hippocampal structural and cognitive outcomes that occur in response to chronic stress.


Assuntos
Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/metabolismo , Região CA3 Hipocampal/metabolismo , Transtornos da Memória/metabolismo , Receptor trkB/metabolismo , Memória Espacial/fisiologia , Estresse Psicológico/metabolismo , Animais , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/genética , Região CA1 Hipocampal/metabolismo , Região CA1 Hipocampal/patologia , Região CA3 Hipocampal/patologia , Doença Crônica , Dendritos/metabolismo , Dendritos/patologia , Masculino , Transtornos da Memória/etiologia , Transtornos da Memória/patologia , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptor trkB/antagonistas & inibidores , Descanso , Estresse Psicológico/patologia
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