[Associations between Takeaway Food Nutrients and Nutritional Literacy of Takeaway Platform Practitioners in Chengdu].

Objective To investigate the nutritional literacy levels of the takeaway platform practitioners in Chengdu,the takeaway food nutrients,and the correlation between them.Methods We employed a multi-stage random sampling method to investigate the nutritional literacy levels of 100 takeaway platform restaurants in the main urban area of Chengdu and examined the nutritional components of hot set meals in each restaurant.A questionnaire survey was conducted on the nutritional literacy levels of chefs and food matching staff.The correlations of nutrient energy supply rationality with nutritional literacy level and set meal price were then analyzed.Results The total pass rate of nutrition knowledge of chefs/food matching staff was 61.0%.Only 2.0% of the set meals had reasonable total energy supply.The set meals with reasonable energy supply of available carbohydrate,protein,and fat accounted for 3.0%,62.0%,and 21.0%,and those with over energy supply accounted for 97.0%,26.0%,and 73.0%,respectively.The rest set meals provided insufficient energy.There was a positive correlation between the nutritional literacy level and the rationality of protein energy supply(r=0.414,P=0.003).Conclusions The nutritional literacy levels of chefs/food matching staff of takeaway food restaurants in Chengdu are moderate.The hot set meals on the takeaway platform have the problem of excess energy supply.The nutrition knowledge of chefs/food matching staff cannot effectively satisfy rational nutrition matching.The nutritional literacy levels of chefs/food matching staff showed no significant correlation with the rationality of nutrient energy supply.

[Nutritional Knowledge and Skills of Fast-food Takeout Practitioners in Chengdu City].

Objective To investigate the current status of nutritional knowledge and skills of fast-food takeout practitioners in Chengdu City,so as to provide evidence for nutritional literacy education among takeout practitioners.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 832 employees of fast-food takeout restaurants in Chengdu from April to September in 2019 through a multi-stage random sampling strategy.Results The awareness rate of nutritional knowledge of fast-food takeout practitioners in Chengdu was 77.28%,and the correct rates of answers to daily oil intake for adults,daily drinking water for adults and daily salt intake for adults in the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents were respectively 17.43%,22.60% and 25.36%.In addition,the proportion of practitioners with the ability to estimate the recommended intake of food for a meal,the ability to estimate condiments intake and the ability to interpret nutrition labels were 8.77%,8.77% and 15.02%,respectively.The awareness rate of nutritional knowledge was the lowest(71.47%)in the practitioners aged≤25 and the highest(84.53%)in those aged 26-39,and the difference was statistically significant(χ 2 =14.419,P=0.001).High awareness rate of nutritional knowledge was found in the practitioners of Han ethnic group(78.45%)compared with those of ethnic minorities(57.14%)(χ 2=10.346,P=0.001).Besides,the practitioners with a high degree of education showed high awareness rate of nutritional knowledge( [Formula: see text]=36.514,P<0.001),and the correct rate of chefs(17.86%)was higher than that(12.82%)of food matching staff(χ 2=4.068,P=0.044).Conclusions The fast-food takeout practitioners in Chengdu generally have good nutritional knowledge while have some knowledge gaps.At the same time,the nutrition-related skills of takeout practitioners are not good.We should focus on strengthening the training of takeout restaurant employees for the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents and nutrition labeling-related knowledge,carry out targeted nutritional knowledge training,and comprehensively strengthen the training of nutrition-related skills.

[Study on Behavioral Factors Affecting the Risk of New HBV Infection among Diabetic Patients].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the behavioral factors influencing of new hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in diabetic patients, so as to provide evidence for reducing the risk of new HBV infection in diabetic patients. METHODS: A nested case-control study was conducted to follow up and observe 4 586 diabetic patients. The 114 diabetic patients who newly developed HBV infection during the follow-up period were selected as the case group, and 228 diabetic patients who did not develop HBV infection in the same period were selected as the control group from the cohort population at a matching ratio of 1∶2 according to the age ±2 years. Questionnaire surveys and laboratory examinations were conducted in the cohort. The contents of the questionnaire included family history of hepatitis B, history of trauma, history of receiving/donating blood, individual-related behavioral characteristics, diabetes severity, and behavior related to diabetes treatment and management. In addition, the blood samples of the cohort were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The conditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the related behavioral factors affecting new HBV infection in diabetic patients. RESULTS: The median ages of the HBV group and the control group were 64 years old and 66 years old, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the composition of sex, age, ethnicity, occupation and amount of formal education between the two groups ( P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that diabetic patients with a family history of hepatitis B ( OR=13.052, 95% CI: 3.799 to 44.847) had a higher risk of new HBV infection, while diabetic patients who used blood collection/injection devices in a standardized way ( OR=0.189, 95% CI: 0.082 to 0.436), safety locking blood glucose needles ( OR=0.142, 95% CI: 0.073 to 0.276) and venous blood collection needles ( OR=0.019, 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.262) and self-testing of blood sugar at home ( OR=0.466, 95% CI: 0.222 to 0.980) had a lower risk of new HBV infection. CONCLUSION: Family history of hepatitis B is an independent factor that increases the risk for new HBV infection in diabetic patients. During the process of long-term blood glucose management of diabetic patients, standardized use of blood collection/injection devices, use of safer types of blood sampling lancet, and self-testing of blood glucose help can reduce the risk of HBV infection.

[Young Children's Family Sex Education in Rural Areas of Sichuan Province and Its Influencing Factors].

Objective To understand the family sex education for young children in rural areas of Sichuan province and analyze the influencing factors. Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 2246 parents of kindergarten children from rural areas in Sichuan province for a questionnaire-based survey.The Chi-square test and Logistic regression model were used for data analysis. Results It was found 1132(52.33%)parents had implemented family sex education for young children and 1031(47.67%)had not.Young children having asked sex-related questions(OR=1.536,95%CI=1.257-1.878),parents thinking that early childhood sex education is necessary(OR=3.691,95%CI=2.029-6.717),and parents having the intention to know early childhood sex education(OR=1.700,95%CI=1.274-2.269),and kindergarten having implemented early childhood sex education(OR=3.316,95%CI=2.515-4.372)were promoting factors for parents to conduct early childhood sex education,whereas a total annual household income at the middle level(OR=0.664,95%CI=0.456-0.968)was a hindering factor for parents to conduct early childhood sex education. Conclusions Parents of young children in rural areas of Sichuan province have poor awareness of sex education,and the proportion of parents who have never conducted sex education for children is high.The total annual income of the family,whether the children have asked about sex-related questions,parents' attitude towards early childhood sex education,and whether the kindergarten has conducted the early childhood sex education are important factors that influence the level of children's family sex education.

[Analysis on the Health-related Quality of Life and Influencing Factors among the Older Generation of Migrant Workers in Chengdu City].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the status and distribution characteristics of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of the older generation of migrant workers in Chengdu, and analyze the factors influencing the quality of life of the older generation of migrant workers, so as to provide reference for formulating relevant policies to improve the health of the older generation of migrant workers. METHODS: From June 2017 to June 2018, the respondent-driven sampling (RDS) method was used to select 1 492 non-registered migrant workers born before 1980 living in Chengdu city. The investigation was performed with questionnaire including demographic characteristics, working status, economic status, disease status, living environment and HRQOL. RESULTS: The scores of physical component summary (PCS), mental component summary (MCS) and the total score of HRQOL in the older generation of migrant workers were 50.78±7.54, 50.67±10.24 and 101.45±12.34, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that older age (standard regression coefficient ( Sß)=-0.061, P=0.026), low education level ( Sß=-0.053, P=0.038), being unmarried, divorced or widowed ( Sß=-0.064, P=0.009), chronic diseases ( Sß=-0.156, P<0.001), or two-week illness ( Sß=-0.190, P<0.001) were the risk factors of low HRQOL; High income level ( Sß=0.069, P=0.013), having a steady job ( Sß=0.126, P<0.001), having endowment insurance ( Sß=0.055, P=0.027) and satisfactory with the living environment ( Sß=0.060, P=0.016) were the contributing factors factors of high HRQOL. CONCLUSION: The HRQOL of the older generation of migrant workers in Chengdu is generally good. More attention should be paid to the migrant workers of older age, having lower income, suffering from chronic diseases, being unmarried/divorced/widowed, and lacking endowment insurance. Appropriate measures should be taken to improve the health status of the key groups.

Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide in Weight Loss of Non-diabetic People.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of semaglutide in weight loss in non-diabetic people. METHODS: In this study, 84 non-diabetic people who used semaglutide to lose weight in the outpatient department of our hospital from January 1, 2022, to June 30, 2022, were enrolled and compared for changes in body weight, waist circumference, Body Mass Index (BMI), fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, pulse, and body composition (body fat ratio, visceral fat area, and skeletal muscle) before treatment and 12 weeks after the treatment to analyze the weight loss efficacy and safety. RESULTS: After administering semaglutide 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 0.75 mg, or 1 mg subcutaneously once a week for 12 weeks, 84 participants in this study obtained an average weight loss of 5.91 ± 3.37 kg, equivalent to 6.15 ± 4.28% of baseline body weight, and there was also a significant reduction in visceral fat area and a slight reduction in blood pressure. The most common adverse reactions included gastrointestinal reactions (nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea), which were mild and subsided within 1-2 days. No severe adverse reaction, such as hypoglycemia and hypotension, was observed. CONCLUSION: Low-dose semaglutide has been found to be effective and safe for short-term weight loss in non-diabetic people.

[Efficacy of thunder-fire moxibustion combined with external applicaion of Shuangbai powder for mild and moderate knee osteoarthritis].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the therapeutic effect between thunder-fire moxibustion combined with external applicaion of Shuangbai powder and thunder-fire moxibustion alone for mild and moderate knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: A total of 70 patients with mild and moderate knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 35 cases in each group. In the observation group, thunder-fire moxibustion combined with external applicaion of Shuangbai powder were applied, Thunder-fire moxibustion was applied at Xuehai (SP 10), Liangqiu (ST 34), Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), Yanglingquan (GB 34) and ashi point, external applicaion of Shuangbai powder was given to the affected knee after the treatment of thunder-fire moxibustion. Simple thunder-fire moxibustion was given in the control group. All patients in the two groups were treated once a day, 7 days as one course and the consecutive 4 courses were required, with an interval of 1 day between courses. Before and after treatment, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score were used to assessed knee pain, stiffness and physical function in the two groups. In addition, the efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS: Compared before treatment, the VAS scores, total scores of WOMAC, pain scores, stiffness scores and physical function scores were reduced after treatment in the two groups (P<0.01), and the scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The total effective rate was 97.0% (32/33) in the observation group, which was superior to 91.2% (31/34) in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Thunder-fire moxibustion combined with external applicaion of Shuangbai powder are superior to simple thunder-fire moxibustion in improving the symptoms and delaying the development of the disease for mild and moderate knee osteoarthritis.

Steroid receptor coactivator-3 differentially regulates the inflammatory response in peritoneal macrophages.

Steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3) is a transcriptional coactivator that plays an important role in the regulation of cytokine mRNA translation. In the present study, SCR-3 gene knockout mice were used to study the effects of SCR-3 on the regulation of the inflammatory response in peritoneal macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Peritoneal macrophages (PMs) of SRC-3-/- mice showed a decrease in the release of TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-6, and an increase in the release of IL-10. Furthermore, results of RT-PCR also showed that levels of TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-6 mRNA expression were significantly lower, while the level of IL-10 mRNA expression was higher in the SRC-3-/- mice, compared to those of wild-type mice, following treatment with LPS (p < 0.01). In addition, western blotting revealed that: i) the extent of reduction of the glucocorticoid receptor in PMs from SRC-3-/- mice was significantly lower than that in wild-type mice (p < 0.01); ii) the extent of increase of AP-1 in PMS from SRC-3-/- mice was significantly lower than that in wild-type mice (p < 0.01); iii) the extent of increase of NF-κB p65 in PMs from SRC-3-/- mice was significantly higher than that in wild-type mice (p < 0.01). Collectively, our studies revealed that SRC-3 may play a key role in the maintenance of innate immunity. Furthermore, absence of the SRC-3 protein may result in the partial loss of inflammation and phagocytosis barrier function, including suppression of LPS-induced transcriptional activity, release of TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-6, and obstruction of the function of phagocytes and elimination of bacteria, as well as their production.

Hepatic injury induced by carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum in experimental rats.

AIM: To observe the hepatic injury induced by carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum in rats and to explore its potential mechanism. METHODS: Thirty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 10), 0 h experimental group (n = 10) and 1 h experimental group (n = 10) after sham operation with carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum. Histological changes in liver tissue were observed with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Liver function was assayed with an automatic biochemical analyzer. Concentration of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assayed by colorimetry. Activity of adenine nucleotide translocator in liver tissue was detected with the atractyloside-inhibitor stop technique. Expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) mRNA in liver tissue was detected with in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum for 60 min could induce liver injury in rats. Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were 95.7 +/- 7.8 U/L and 86.8 +/- 6.9 U/L in 0 h experimental group, and 101.4 +/- 9.3 U/L and 106.6 +/- 8.7 U/L in 1 h experimental group. However, no significant difference was found in total billirubin, albumin, and pre-albumin in the three groups. In 0 h experimental group, the concentration of MDA was 9.83 +/- 2.53 micromol/g in liver homogenate and 7.64 +/- 2.19 micromol/g in serum respectively, the activity of SOD was 67.58 +/- 9.75 nu/mg in liver and 64.47 +/- 10.23 nu/mg in serum respectively. In 1 h experimental group, the concentration of MDA was 16.57 +/- 3.45 micromol/g in liver tissue and 12.49 +/- 4.21 micromol/g in serum respectively, the activity of SOD was 54.29 +/- 7.96 nu/mg in liver tissue and 56.31 +/- 9.85 nu/mg in serum, respectively. The activity of ANT in liver tissue was 9.52 +/- 1.56 in control group, 6.37 +/- 1.33 in 0 h experimental group and 7.28 +/- 1.45 (10(-9) mol/min per gram protein) in 1 h experimental group, respectively. The expression of HIF-1 mRNA in liver tissue was not detected in control group, and its optical density difference value was 6.14 +/- 1.03 in 0 h experimental group and 9.51 +/- 1.74 in 1 h experimental group, respectively. CONCLUSION: Carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum during the sham operation can induce hepatic injury in rats. The probable mechanisms of liver injury include anoxia, ischemia reperfusion and oxidative stress. Liver injury should be avoided during clinical laparoscopic operation with carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum.

Highly efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of embryogenic cell suspensions of Musa acuminata cv. Mas (AA) via a liquid co-cultivation system.

A high efficient protocol of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Musa acuminata cv. Mas (AA), a major banana variety of the South East Asia region, was developed in this study. Male-flower-derived embryogenic cell suspensions (ECS) were co-cultivated in liquid medium with Agrobacterium strain EHA105 harboring a binary vector pCAMBIA2301 carrying nptII and gusA gene in the T-DNA. Depending upon conditions and duration of co-cultivation in liquid medium, 0-490 transgenic plants per 0.5 ml packed cell volume (PCV) of ECS were obtained. The optimum duration of inoculation was 2 h, and the highest transformation frequency was achieved when infected ECS were co-cultivated in liquid medium first for 12 h at 40 rpm and then for 156 h at 100 rpm on a rotary shaker. Co-cultivation for a shorter duration (72 h) or shaking constantly at 100 rpm at the same duration gave 1.6 and 1.8 folds lower transformation efficiency, respectively. No transgenic plants were obtained in parallel experiments carried on semi-solid media. Histochemical GUS assay and molecular analysis in several tissues of the transgenic plants demonstrated that foreign genes were stably integrated into the banana genome. Compared to semi-solid co-cultivation transformation in other banana species, it is remarkable that liquid co-cultivation was much more efficient for transformation of the Mas cultivar, and was at least 1 month faster for regenerating transgenic plants.