RESUMO
CD4(+) T cells expand after transfer into lymphopenic H-2(b) A(beta)-/- mice (I-A(beta)-, I-E(alpha)-deficient mice) but not after transfer into lymphopenic MHC II(Delta/Delta) mice (I-A(alpha)-, I-A(beta)-, I-E(alpha)-, and I-E(beta)-deficient mice), implying that in H-2(b) A(beta)-/- mice, A(alpha) chain and E(beta) chain associate to form a hybrid A(alpha)E(beta) MHC class II molecule. In light of this unexpected result, we reexamined the MHC class II requirement in the survival and lymphopenia-induced proliferation of CD4(+) T cells. Here we show that expansion, but not short-term survival, of CD4(+) T cells depends on interactions with MHC class II molecules in lymphopenic mice. Nevertheless, interactions with classical MHC class II molecules are required for CD4(+) T cells to survive in CD8(+) T-cell-containing mice.
Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II/genética , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II/imunologia , Ativação Linfocitária , Linfopenia/imunologia , Transferência Adotiva , Animais , Transplante de Medula Óssea/imunologia , Citometria de Fluxo , Deleção de Genes , Linfopenia/genética , Complexo Principal de Histocompatibilidade , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells have been extensively studied during the last decade, but how these cells exert their regulatory function on pathogenic effector T cells remains to be elucidated. Naive CD4+ T cells transferred into T cell-deficient mice strongly expand and rapidly induce inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Onset of this inflammatory disorder depends on IFN-gamma production by expanding CD4+ T cells. Coinjection of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells protects recipient mice from IBD. In this study, we show that CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells do not affect the initial activation/proliferation of injected naive T cells as well as their differentiation into Th1 effectors. Moreover, naive T cells injected together with CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells into lymphopenic hosts are still able to respond to stimuli in vitro when regulatory T cells are removed. In these conditions, they produce as much IFN-gamma as before injection or when injected alone. Finally, when purified, they are able to induce IBD upon reinjection into lymphopenic hosts. Thus, prevention of IBD by CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells is not due to deletion of pathogenic T cells, induction of a non reactive state (anergy) among pathogenic effector T cells, or preferential induction of Th2 effectors rather than Th1 effectors; rather, it results from suppression of T lymphocyte effector functions, leading to regulated responses to self.
Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/metabolismo , Terapia de Imunossupressão , Receptores de Interleucina-2/biossíntese , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Transferência Adotiva , Animais , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/citologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/transplante , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Diferenciação Celular/imunologia , Divisão Celular/genética , Divisão Celular/imunologia , Imunidade Celular/genética , Memória Imunológica/genética , Imunofenotipagem , Terapia de Imunossupressão/métodos , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/genética , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/imunologia , Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais/prevenção & controle , Interfase/genética , Interfase/imunologia , Linfopenia/genética , Linfopenia/imunologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/citologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/transplante , Células Th1/imunologiaRESUMO
To examine directly whether a limited number of naive T cells transferred to lymphopenic hosts can truly fill the peripheral naive T cell pool, we compared the expansion and phenotype of naive T cells transferred to three different hosts, namely recombination-activating gene-deficient mice, CD3epsilon-deficient mice, and irradiated normal mice. In all three recipients, the absolute number of recovered cells was much smaller than in normal mice. In addition, transferred naive T cells acquired a memory-like phenotype that remained stable with time. Finally, injected cells were rapidly replaced by host thymic migrants in irradiated normal mice. Only continuous output of naive T cells by the thymus can generate a full compartment of truly naive T cells. Thus, conversion of naive T cells to a memory-like phenotype in lymphopenic hosts is not related to a homeostatic mechanism that fills the peripheral naive T cell pool.
Assuntos
Homeostase/imunologia , Memória Imunológica , Imunofenotipagem , Interfase/imunologia , Linfopenia/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/imunologia , Animais , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/efeitos da radiação , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/transplante , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/citologia , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/imunologia , Homeostase/genética , Homeostase/efeitos da radiação , Memória Imunológica/genética , Memória Imunológica/efeitos da radiação , Interfase/genética , Interfase/efeitos da radiação , Linfonodos/citologia , Linfonodos/imunologia , Linfonodos/transplante , Linfopenia/genética , Linfopenia/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos A , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Camundongos Transgênicos , Quimera por Radiação/imunologia , Baço/citologia , Baço/imunologia , Baço/transplante , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/citologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/efeitos da radiação , Timo/citologia , Timo/imunologiaRESUMO
In normal mice, single-positive thymocytes proliferate before being exported into the peripheral T cell pool. We measured the in vivo proliferation rates of mature thymocytes in several TCR transgenic mice. Different monoclonal TCR transgenic single-positive thymocytes proliferated at different rates in a given MHC context. Conversely, mature thymocytes expressing a given TCR, generated in mice of different MHC haplotypes, also showed different rates of proliferation. In p59(fyn)-deficient mice, the proliferation rate of mature thymocytes was diminished. Thus, premigrant thymocyte expansion is TCR mediated and depends on TCR affinity for self peptide/MHC ligands. In addition, we show that mature thymocyte expansion is clonotypic, increases the daily thymic T cell output, and modifies the TCR repertoire of newly produced T cells.
Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Ativação Linfocitária , Timo/imunologia , Animais , Movimento Celular , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Antígenos H-2/fisiologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Transgênicos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/fisiologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-fyn , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T/imunologia , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T alfa-beta/genética , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/classificação , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/imunologiaRESUMO
Adult naive T cells, which are at rest in normal conditions, proliferate strongly when transferred to lymphopenic hosts. In neonates, the first mature thymocytes to migrate to the periphery reach a compartment devoid of preexisting T cells. We have extensively analyzed the proliferation rate and phenotype of peripheral T cells from normal C57BL/6 and T cell antigen receptor transgenic mice as a function of age. We show that, like adult naive T cells transferred to lymphopenic mice, neonatal naive T cells proliferate strongly. By using bone-marrow transfer and thymic-graft models, we demonstrate that the proliferation of the first thymic emigrants reaching the periphery requires T cell antigen receptor-self-peptide/self-MHC interactions and is regulated by the size of the peripheral T cell pool.