[Posterior Retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy in the prone position. Initial experience.] / Suprarrenalectomía retroperitoneoscópica en decúbito prono. Experiencia inicial.

OBJECTIVE: Transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (TLA) is considered the treatment of choice for small and benign adrenal tumors. In the recent years, posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (PRA) has gained popularity due to its advantages over TLA, presenting a shorter surgical time and a faster recovery without increasing complications. Conversely, a greater learning curve is considered because the use of a different and unusual surgical field. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Our objective is to describe the PRA technique to ass our initial experience evaluating its feasibility, safety and effectiveness in a prospective series of patients. A total of 11 (9 left and 2 right) PRA performed between March 2017 and February 2020 were analyzed. RESULTS: Median age was 55 (36-65) years with a median BMI of 25.69 (20.8-34.5) Kg/m2. 54.55% had ASA≥3. 63.37% of adrenal tumors were hormonally functional. The tumor mean size was 4 cm (0.6-8) and cortical adenoma was the predominant pathological anatomy (72.72%). No pheochromocytoma was operated. Median operative time was 87 minutes (35-125) with an intraoperative bleeding of 50 (0-300) mL. No patient presented intraoperative complications or reconversion. Median length of stay was 1 (1-6) days. Only one patient presented postoperative complications. CONCLUSION: The PRA is feasible, reproducible and safe, even during the initial learning curve, presenting a clear early recovery with a shorter surgical time.

OBJETIVO: La suprarrenalectomía laparoscópica transperitoneal (SLT) se considera el tratamiento de elección de los tumores suprarrenales benignos y de pequeño tamaño. En los últimos años el acceso retroperitoneoscópico en decúbito prono (SRP) ha ganado popularidad por las ventajas que ofrece con respecto a la SLT, al emplear un menor tiempo quirúrgico y obtener una recuperación más rápida sin aumentar las complicaciones, a expensas de una curva de aprendizaje dificultada por emplear un campo quirúrgico diferente al habitual.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Nuestro objetivo es describir la técnica quirúrgica de SRP y nuestra experiencia inicial evaluando su factibilidad, seguridad y efectividad en una serie prospectiva de pacientes. Se analizaron un total de 11 SRP (9 izquierdas y 2 derechas) realizadas entre marzo de 2017 y febrero de 2020. RESULTADOS: La mediana de edad fue de 55 (36-65) años con un IMC de 25,69 Kg/m2 (20,8-34,5). El 54,55% tenía un ASA≥3. El 63,37% de los tumores suprarrenales fueron hormonalmente funcionantes. El tamaño medio fue de 4 cm (0,6-8), siendo el adenoma cortical la anatomía patológica predominante (72,72%). No se realizó ningún feocromocitoma. La mediana de tiempo quirúrgico fue de 87 minutos (35-125) con un sangrado intraoperatorio de 50mL (0-300). Ningún paciente presentó complicaciones intraoperatorias o reconversión. La mediana de días de ingreso fue de1 (1-6) día. Sólo un paciente presentó complicaciones postoperatorias. CONCLUSIONES: La SRP es factible, reproducible y segura, incluso durante la curva de aprendizaje inicial, presentando una clara recuperación temprana con un tiempo quirúrgico corto.

Effect of muscle density in patients with metastatic prostate cancer administered androgen deprivation therapy. / Efecto de la densidad muscular en pacientes con cáncer de próstata metastásico tratados con terapia de privación androgénica.

INTRODUCTION: Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by the loss of muscle mass and strength. The study objective was to determine the association between muscle density and overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic onset prostate cancer (MPCa). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with MPCa between 2009 and 2015 who received androgen deprivation therapy alone as initial treatment. Muscle density was calculated using the Hounsfield Unit Average Calculation (HUAC) in both psoas muscles in the computed tomography (CT) scan performed for diagnosis. RESULTS: A total of 59 patients diagnosed with MPCa, with a mean age of 57.5±72.47 years, were found. Median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level at diagnosis was 68.25 ng/dL (IQR 37.26-290). Gleason scores≥8 were recorded in 90.75% of the patients, bone metastases in 88.13%, and visceral metastases in 10.16%. Median HUAC was 20.32 HU (IQR 15.46-22.83). In a univariate analysis, the number of bone metastases, the presence of visceral metastases, and testosterone levels≥50 ng/dL at follow-up were associated with poorer OS, while high HUAC levels were associated with better OS. In a multivariate analysis, the number of bone metastases [hazard ratio (HR)=1.573, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.103-2.243, p=0.012], the presence of visceral metastases (HR=7.404, CI=2.233-24.549, p=0.001), and the Gleason score (HR=2.001, CI=1.02-3.923, p=0.044) were associated with greater overall mortality, and HUAC (HR=0.902, CI=0.835-0.973, p=0.008) was associated with better OS. CONCLUSIONS: In our series, increased HUAC values in the psoas muscles, as a reflection of muscle density, when MPCa was diagnosed had a protective effect on OS in these patients.