[Risk factors for fetal macrosomia in patients without gestational diabetes mellitus]. / Factores de riesgo de macrosomía fetal en pacientes sin diabetes mellitus gestacional.

BACKGROUND: Fetal macrosomia is birth weight of 4,000 grams or more, regardless of gestational age, in Mexico representing about 5.4%. Associated with multiple demographic, physiological, metabolic and genetic factors of each population. OBJECTIVE: Determine the risk factors associated with the development of fetal macrosomia in patients without gestational diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Retrospective, descriptive and comparative study of patients who came to delivery from January 2012 to June 2014, 88 patients, 23 patients with diagnosis of macrosomia, and 65 patients without macrosomia without gestational diabetes mellitus were included. RESULTS: An incidence of fetal macrosomia of 18.6%. Risk factors such as parity, history of fetal macrosomia, maternal age, maternal height more to 1.70 meters showed no difference, the percentage of overweight 105% showed 69% vs 52% on the control group and gestational diabetes screening altered that present 30.4 vs 20%. CONCLUSIONS: Increased incidence of macrosomia was demonstrated in patients with metabolic factors such as the percentage of overweight and screening altered gestational diabetes mellitus, as they showed higher prevalence in the study group, all modifiable with preconception nutritional management and during pregnancy, to reduce initial weight and weight gain, improved fasting and postprandial blood glucose in patients with positive screening and negative tolerance curve carbohydrates to maintain fetal growth curve with in the percentiles.

[Gestational trophoblastic disease. Prevalence and epidemiologic features at the IMSS Torreón Medical Center]. / Enfermedad trofoblástica gestacional. Prevalencia y características epidemiológicas en el Centro Médico IMSS Torreón.

From August 1st, 1987, to August 31 1989, there were 18 patients with trophoblastic gestational disease (TGD). In that time there 12,263 births for a frequency of TGD of 1:681, the prevalence was 14.6 X 10,000 births. The most frequent symptom was nausea and the most frequent sign, abnormal uterine bleeding; uterine growth not accord to gestational age was not a constant sign. Ultrasound was the method of diagnosis and in all of the cases there were confirmation of diagnosis by tissue exam. The follow-up of the patients was done by standard protocol; oral contraceptives were used for family planning. Our findings are discussed and compared with those in the literature.