RESUMO
After their formation at the cell surface, phagosomes become fully functional through a complex maturation process involving sequential interactions with various intracellular organelles. In the last decade, series of data indicated that some of the phagosome functional properties occur in specialized membrane microdomains. The molecules associated with membrane microdomains, as well as the organization of these structures during phagolysosome biogenesis are largely unknown. In this study, we combined proteomics and bioinformatics analyses to characterize the dynamic association of proteins to maturing phagosomes. Our data indicate that groups of proteins shuffle from detergent-soluble to detergent-resistant membrane microdomains during maturation, supporting a model in which the modulation of the phagosome functional properties involves an important reorganization of the phagosome proteome by the coordinated spatial segregation of proteins.
Assuntos
Evolução Molecular , Lisossomos/metabolismo , Microdomínios da Membrana/metabolismo , Fagossomos/metabolismo , Proteômica/métodos , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Detergentes/farmacologia , Lisossomos/efeitos dos fármacos , Microdomínios da Membrana/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Peptídeos/metabolismo , Fagossomos/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteoma/metabolismo , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Clearance of pathogens by phagocytosis and their killing in phagolysosomes is a key aspect of our innate ability to fight infectious agents. Leishmania parasites have evolved ways to survive and replicate in macrophages by inhibiting phagosome maturation and avoiding the harsh environment of phagolysosomes. We describe here that during this process Leishmania donovani uses a novel strategy involving its surface lipophosphoglycan (LPG), a virulence factor impeding many host functions, to prevent the formation or disrupt lipid microdomains on the phagosome membrane. LPG acts locally on the membrane and requires its repetitive carbohydrate moieties to alter the organization of microdomains. Targeting and disruption of functional foci, where proteins involved in key aspects of phagolysosome biogenesis assemble, is likely to confer a survival advantage to the parasite.