[Epidemiological, Clinical And Radiological Profile Of Positive Microscopy Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PMPT) At The Regional University Hospital Of Saint-Louis]. / Profil Epidemiologique, Clinique Et Radiologique De La Tuberculose Pulmonaire A Microscopiepositive (TPM+) Au Centre Hospitalier Regional Universitaire De Saint-Louis (CHRU SL).

Pulmonary tuberculosis is still a global scourge, especially in developing countries, despite the control measures that have been in place for decades. The aim of this work was to describe the epidemiological, clinical radiological and evolutionary aspects of PMPT at the Saint-Louis Regional Hospital Center. This was a retrospective descriptive study on 191 PMPT files, hospitalized in the medical department from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Were included in the study, all cases of pulmonary tuberculosis proved by the presence of bacillus Koch on direct examination of sputum. Were excluded from the study, cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with negative microscopy and cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients younger than 14 years. RESULTS: Of 1417 hospitalizations, 191 patients had a PTPM. The average age was 36.5 years with extremes of 14 to 81 years. The sex ratio was 2.2 in favor the male. Fishermen were the most affected with 34% of cases. A family tuberculosis was noted in 61 patients. One hundred and forty-six new PMPT cases were noted. CONCLUSION: Positive microscopy pulmonary tuberculosis remains a public health problem in Senegal. Much work remains to be done in Saint-Louis, which a region with a high burden of tuberculosis.

INTRODUCTION: la tuberculose pulmonaire demeure encore un fléau mondial en progression surtout dans les pays en voie de développement, malgré les actions de lutte mises en place depuis des décennies. Le but de ce travail était de décrire les aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques radiologiques et évolutifs de la TPM (+) au centre hospitalier régional de Saint-Louis. Il s'agissait d'étude descriptive rétrospective portant sur 191 dossiers de TPM+, hospitalisés au service de médecine du 1er Janvier 2016 au 31 Décembre 2017. Étaient inclus dans l'étude, tous les cas de TPM+ prouvée par la présence de BAAR à l'examen direct des crachats. Étaient exclus de l'étude les patients de moins de 14 ans, les cas de TPM(-) Résultats : Sur 1417 hospitalisations, 191 patients avaient une TPM+. L'âge moyen était de 36,5 ans avec des extrêmes de 14 à 81 ans. Sex-ratio de 2,2. Les pêcheurs étaient les plus touchés avec 34 % des cas. Un contage tuberculeux familial était noté chez 61 malades. Cent quarante six nouveaux cas de TPM(+) ont été notés. Conclusion : la TPM(+) demeure un problème de Santé Publique au Sénégal. Beaucoup d'efforts restent à faire dans la région de Saint-Louis à forte charge de tuberculose.

[Prevalence of hypertension and assessment of its impact on self-rated health in rural populations: a cross-sectional study in northern Senegal]. / Prévalence de l'hypertension artérielle et perception de son impact sur la santé par les populations rurales: étude transversale dans la région nord du Sénégal.

INTRODUCTION: High blood pressure (hypertension) is a growing public health problem, and its impact on the overall health of patients in Africa is not well known. The objective of this study was to determine its prevalence and its influence on self-rated health among people living in rural areas of Senegal. POPULATION AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted over a two-week period in the rural communities of Labgar and Lougré Thiolly, located in the central northern region of Senegal, in an agricultural area. Randomly recruited volunteers were questioned during direct individual interviews about socio-demographic (age, sex, marital status, education, occupation) and lifestyle data (smoking or alcohol, physical activity). Clinical data (medical history, weight, height, blood pressure, course of treatment) were also collected. Self-rated health (SRH) was assessed by asking if they felt their health was bad or good. RESULTS: We included 627 patients with a mean age of 40.93 ± 17.2 years (range: 15-100 years), 59.9% of them women. Illiteracy and overweight were more common among women than among men, and smoking and alcohol consumption more frequent in men. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 23.4% and did not differ significantly between men (24.9%) and women (22.4%)(P = 0.50). Self-rated health was similar in men and women (with respectively 66.9% and 72.9% reporting good health, P = 0.10). On univariate analysis, the factors associated with perceived health status were age (OR = 1.34, P = 0.04), smoking (OR = 2.16, P = 0.03), educational level (OR = 1.21, P = 0.04), and the presence of hypertension (OR = 0.63, P = 0.05). The multivariate regression analysis showed that among women, advanced age (≥50 years) and hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) were associated with poorer perceived health, whereas for men, only smoking was significantly correlated with poor health status (OR = 0.41, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study shows that hypertension is common in this rural area of Senegal and is significantly associated with a lower self-rated health in women but not men. In the absence of longitudinal studies in these populations and given the predictive value of SRH, this correlation suggests higher morbidity and mortality in women with hypertension.

Diabetes Burden in Urban and Rural Senegalese Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study in 2012.

Diabetes represents a challenging global health issue in the 21st century. Data from sub-Saharan African populations are scarce and are usually restricted to urban settings. The objective of this study was to compare prevalence and risk factors of diabetes in rural and urban areas in Senegal. Methods. In a community-based survey between January and May 2012, we included 1027 adults aged ≥18 years living in northern Senegal. Sociodemographic, clinical, and biological data were collected during household visits. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with diabetes. Results. Mean age of participants was 48.0 ± 16.9 years and 65.7% were female. Participants from urban area represented 55.7%. The age-standardized prevalence of diabetes was 7.6% (6.0% in men versus 9.0% in women). Prevalence of diabetes was higher in urban areas (8.1%) compared to rural areas (4.6%). Disease awareness rate was 43%. After multivariate analysis, age (OR = 1.63, p = 0.001), familial history of diabetes (OR = 1.42, p = 0.001), and abdominal obesity (OR = 1.17, p = 0.05) were associated with diabetes. Conclusion. Diabetes is frequent in urban and rural areas in Senegal. Awareness rate is very low among populations. Age, family history of diabetes, and abdominal obesity are the main risk factors identified.